Online Appendix for Meaning Variation and Data Quality in the Corpus of Founding Era American English

This page contains online supplementary information for the paper "Meaning Variation and Data Quality in the Corpus of Founding Era American English", published at ACL 2025. (See below for a full citation). A preprint is available here. (Official version forthcoming)

Abstract

Legal scholars are increasingly using corpus based methods for assessing historical meaning. Among work focused on the so-called founding era (mid to late 18th century), the majority of such studies use the Corpus of Founding Era American English (COFEA) and rely on methods such as word counting and manual coding. Here, we demonstrate what can be inferred about meaning change and variation using more advanced NLP methods, focusing on terms in the U.S. Constitution. We also carry out a data quality assessment of COFEA, pointing out issues with OCR quality and metadata, compare diachronic change to synchronic variation, and discuss limitations when using NLP methods for studying historical meaning.

Replication Code

All code used for data processing and analysis is available at https://github.com/dallascard/cofea-analysis.

Interactive Figures

Interactive versions of all figures from the paper are included below, enabling additional exploration of this data.

Figure 1

Figure 1: Number of tokens per year in the six collections that comprise COFEA.

(scroll to zoom; hover for counts)

Figure 2

Figure 2: OCR quality across corpora as measured by coverage in the augmented Webster’s 1913 dictionary.

(scroll to zoom; hover for exact values)

Figure 3

Figure 3: Relative frequencies of constitutional terms in different sources, projected on to the simplex.

(scroll to zoom; hover for words)

Figure 4

Figure 4: OCR quality assessment made using a trigram character language model.

(scroll to zoom; hover for scores)

Figure 5

Figure 5: Change in meaning between founding and modern eras vs. term counts, with constitutional terms in orange.

(scroll to zoom; hover for terms)

Meaning Change and Variation Tables

Founding Era (COFEA) vs Modern (COCA) meanings

An extended version of Table 1 from the main paper is included below. [data]

Term	Founding era replacements	Modern replacements	Founding era count	Modern count	JSD
captures	captures prizes capture seizures	captures reflects shows represents	1555	2445	0.911
domestic violence	invasion insurrection violence invasions	violence abuse rape crime	93	2814	0.906
marque	mar truce protection war	porte salle junta grange	1197	340	0.897
capitation	direct poll land general	medicare payment insurance compensation	154	93	0.896
quartered	stationed posted kept placed	sliced chopped peeled seeded	871	859	0.862
affirmation	declaration oath certificate deposition	expression recognition acceptance assertion	2746	1254	0.858
training	training raising bringing exercising	training education instruction practice	47	3953	0.852
piracies	crimes offenses piracy murders	crimes crime abuses offenses	425	5	0.849
natural born	natural native free good	serial cop born psycho	275	140	0.847
arsenals	magazines fortifications stores barracks	weapons forces capabilities arsenal	455	438	0.834
emolument	advantage profit benefit interest	finance money profit advantage	1274	12	0.833
counterfeiting	altering making printing destroying	fraud theft crime smuggling	728	302	0.830
presentment	complaint trial information indictment	consolidation verdict processing hearing	602	35	0.824
test	test trial proof late	test tests testing exam	115	3885	0.823
reprisal	commissions commission protection passports	retaliation retribution violence punishment	551	311	0.821
reprieves	pardon amnesty sentences commissions	relief appeals pardon release	134	24	0.816
equity	equity justice law reason	equity investment stock capital	1500	2500	0.815
eligible	eligible proper convenient necessary	eligible ineligible qualified available	1080	2920	0.807
disciplining	organizing training regulating governing	teaching protecting helping supporting	310	373	0.801
tonnage	duties imports exports ton	volume weight number amount	3371	265	0.799
magazines	magazines stores magazine supplies	magazines books newspapers publications	846	3154	0.799
junction	junction communication union cooperation	junction valley canyon lake	1471	2076	0.799
repassed	passed rejected approved confirmed	passed repealed rejected overturned	94	3	0.797
compact	compact contract treaty constitution	compact small large new	1252	2748	0.795
erection	erection establishment building construction	erection orgasm penis arousal	679	944	0.793
fix	fix three four two	fix change get repair	1982	2018	0.787
yeas	ye aye yes votes	yes aye votes years	3972	28	0.782
pro	pro re ex con	pro anti non professional	568	3432	0.781
seizures	seizures captures seizure arrests	seizures seizure symptoms depression	388	1489	0.779
classes	classes orders ranks class	classes class courses programs	320	3680	0.776
welfare	welfare happiness safety prosperity	welfare health social tax	1150	2850	0.775
cannot	never seldom hardly scarcely	never need also often	3992	8	0.775
corpus	corpus petition trial tax	corpus el rio fort	1062	2314	0.772
appropriations	appropriations provision provisions loans	appropriations budget finance spending	2337	1663	0.772
attendance	attendance attention notice time	attendance participation enrollment performance	1808	2192	0.771
resident	resident residing living settled	resident native citizen man	797	3203	0.770
devolve	fall depend rest lie	turn shift evolve develop	337	182	0.769
articles	articles goods things article	articles stories papers essays	2570	1430	0.769
securities	securities money certificates bonds	securities stock financial tax	1121	2879	0.768
disability	disability inability removal absence	disability disabilities impairment disabled	301	3699	0.767
conventions	conventions convention legislatures assemblies	conventions convention rules norms	1095	2905	0.767
naturalization	revenue citizenship law residence	citizenship immigration nationality customs	947	991	0.767
organizing	organizing regulating forming raising	organizing planning creating coordinating	329	3671	0.767
current	current present public lawful	current new present recent	363	3637	0.767
overt	criminal public illegal particular	direct explicit real obvious	433	2062	0.766
issue	issue give pass grant	issue problem question issues	585	3415	0.766
engagements	engagements obligations contracts duties	engagements appearances events tours	3335	665	0.764
appellate	appellate original concurrent exclusive	appellate appeals district trial	344	1133	0.763
said	said laid aid raid	said says added explained	972	3028	0.763
respecting	respecting concerning upon regarding	respecting supporting understanding protecting	3769	231	0.761
respectively	respectively also thereof generally	respectively separately combined however	1490	2510	0.761
process	process proceedings execution processes	process system processes program	224	3776	0.759
recess	recess session sitting sessions	recess school lunch class	1796	2204	0.758
public use	use purpose service sale	use sale development recreation	523	262	0.758
nays	nay divided votes divisions	votes nay yes aye	3964	36	0.757
executive	executive legislative judicial president	executive associate deputy assistant	1219	2781	0.757
ballot	ballot vote lot proxy	ballot vote ballots election	1155	2845	0.756
due	due paid proper owing	due owing related thanks	1933	2067	0.756
writ	writ warrant process commission	writ loomed looming made	3759	241	0.756
legislation	government legislation law taxation	legislation law laws bill	418	3582	0.755
limitations	limitations restrictions regulations conditions	limitations limits problems limitation	353	3647	0.755
disqualification	disqualification disability inability removal	disqualification exclusion suspension dismissal	313	152	0.752
reconsidered	amended considered read postponed	considered changed revised stopped	325	573	0.752
adjournment	order appointment election meeting	end meeting recess elections	2938	53	0.752
standard	standard rule principle measure	standard standards traditional normal	316	3684	0.750
net	net whole gross annual	net total com gross	315	3685	0.750
post	post mail posts place	post pre non anti	1085	2915	0.749
security	security safety protection defense	security safety defense policy	813	3187	0.748
services	services service duties conduct	services service programs resources	645	3355	0.747
offense	offense crime offenses offender	offense defense team game	1852	2148	0.746
compulsory	legal proper compulsory judicial	compulsory mandatory public voluntary	230	1197	0.742
bankruptcies	losses commerce debts bankruptcy	bankruptcy losses lawsuits debts	198	460	0.741
alliance	alliance union peace treaty	alliance coalition association council	1347	2653	0.741
warrants	orders warrant certificates bills	warrant requires deserves needs	2841	1159	0.740
appropriation	appropriations application provision act	use budget construction appropriations	2533	1467	0.740
reexamined	examined considered heard tried	examined analyzed studied considered	60	190	0.738
commission	commission commissions letter appointment	commission committee council board	1260	2740	0.738
article	article articles clause section	article essay paper story	1396	2604	0.738
vacancies	vacancy places offices appointments	positions jobs openings appointments	1912	730	0.737
measures	measures steps means arrangements	measures measure tests variables	1765	2235	0.737
excepted	included mentioned except provided	included especially alone excluded	3873	127	0.736
census	census survey valuation poll	census population survey statistical	518	3482	0.735
assembled	assembled met convened present	assembled gathered created built	2623	1377	0.734
affecting	affecting interesting melancholy awful	affecting influencing involving regarding	1290	2710	0.733
aid	aid said id laid	aid assistance support help	1999	2001	0.733
expiration	end close termination commencement	end delivery release due	3300	700	0.731
behavior	behavior conduct character conversation	behavior behaviors conduct activity	456	3544	0.731
thereof	thereof thereby accordingly also	thereof whatever whatsoever either	3894	106	0.731
vested	vested invested lodged placed	vested special strong invested	3210	790	0.731
dock	dock ship market navy	dock pier docks boat	642	3358	0.730
weights	weights weight rules measures	weights weight pounds equipment	1088	2912	0.729
concurrence	consent consideration assent amendment	opinion decision dissent judgment	3735	265	0.729
grants	grants grant patents purchases	grants funds funding loans	1520	2480	0.729
discharge	discharge pay execution performance	discharge treatment release care	3126	874	0.728
journal	journal journals book minutes	journal review bulletin magazine	527	3473	0.728
bill	bill law resolution act	bill john law legislation	1574	2426	0.728
vest	vest invest coat vested	jacket vest shirt coat	1453	2547	0.728
control	control power influence authority	control management power controls	154	3846	0.728
arts	arts art sciences laws	arts art music artists	639	3361	0.726
coin	coin money coins currency	coin money coins dollar	1678	2322	0.725
class	class order description classes	class classes group school	272	3728	0.725
subjects	subjects people citizens subject	subjects participants students individuals	1924	2076	0.725
title	title right titles claim	title championship titles name	1212	2788	0.724
migration	migration emigration immigration transportation	migration immigration movement emigration	210	3790	0.724
herein	now last already first	elsewhere now thus today	3728	272	0.723
commissions	commissions commission orders appointments	commissions commission fees agencies	2511	1489	0.722
continuance	duration time continuation existence	continuation future renewal survival	3823	177	0.721
confronted	confronted acquainted examined presented	confronted faced presented dealing	130	3870	0.721
facto	facto quo novo post	facto novo gaulle la	588	2167	0.721
expedient	proper necessary convenient reasonable	necessary acceptable effective appropriate	3751	249	0.720
uniform	uniform general regular equal	uniform shirt jacket suit	1000	3000	0.720
safety	safety security happiness welfare	safety security health protection	1129	2871	0.719
republican	republican federal free popular	republican democratic conservative democrat	513	3487	0.719
speedy	speedy immediate full timely	quick speedy fast new	2987	1013	0.718
adoption	adoption establishment ratification formation	adoption implementation development use	1060	2940	0.716
preference	preference opposition regard addition	preference preferences desire choice	1397	2603	0.716
credit	credit money exchange interest	credit business bank charge	1534	2466	0.715
press	press presses people subject	press media presses publications	446	3554	0.715
science	science knowledge learning art	science research sciences technology	274	3726	0.714
ex	ex pro de con	ex co now non	861	3139	0.714
suits	suits actions suit proceedings	suits clothes suit jackets	1198	2802	0.712
excises	taxes duties customs imports	taxes removes regulations duties	632	28	0.711
voting	voting vote election voted	voting vote election political	543	3457	0.711
him	one others another god	someone people everyone john	1376	2624	0.711
tried	tried examined prosecuted heard	tried attempted wanted managed	459	3541	0.710
he	lie one ie charles	someone john everyone lie	907	3093	0.710
vice president	president secretary governor senate	president director manager chairman	620	3380	0.709
provided	provided providing provide always	provided offered supplied presented	1545	2455	0.709
infamous	infamous wicked vile cruel	famous infamous notorious first	1874	2126	0.708
emit	issue make pass receive	produce generate release create	455	1351	0.708
party	party parties person company	party parties movement government	1155	2845	0.707
quorum	majority committee council number	majority vote committee group	1699	244	0.707
exclusive	exclusive independent instead absolute	exclusive new sole special	1624	2376	0.707
labor	labor work industry labour	labor work employment workers	1077	2923	0.707
suffrage	suffrage representation vote election	suffrage rights equality citizenship	1201	743	0.706
offices	offices office places officers	offices office headquarters buildings	1877	2123	0.706
therein	thereby thereof within already	thus now elsewhere within	3821	179	0.705
affirm	say declare assert believe	recognize acknowledge support accept	2534	1466	0.705
care	care charge pains notice	care services treatment insurance	804	3196	0.704
statement	statement state report account	statement report letter release	508	3492	0.704
impeachments	appeals crimes causes cases	cases trials crimes offenses	572	11	0.703
business	business work affairs matter	business company industry work	1128	2872	0.703
valid	valid good binding void	valid good accurate useful	1142	2858	0.703
solemnly	solemnly also sincerely now	slowly quietly solemnly silently	2796	1146	0.703
forfeiture	penalty fine penalties punishment	seizure protection tax criminal	2716	398	0.703
foregoing	preceding following said present	following preceding present previous	3589	411	0.702
term	term time period terms	term range run time	714	3286	0.702
whatsoever	whatsoever whatever thereof notwithstanding	whatsoever whatever now either	3275	725	0.701
seat	seat place seats chair	seat chair seats door	887	3113	0.701
new york	philadelphia boston virginia pennsylvania	washington chicago york boston	1103	2897	0.701
concerned	concerned interested engaged involved	concerned worried involved anxious	1024	2976	0.700
assemble	assemble meet attend sit	assemble make create build	1859	2141	0.700
felony	felony murder treason robbery	felony criminal murder crime	1734	2266	0.698
privileged	privileged free exempt freed	privileged fortunate special happy	502	3498	0.698
owner	owner owners proprietor master	owner manager president proprietor	1304	2696	0.698
inventors	authors manufacturers artists practitioners	engineers entrepreneurs scientists people	183	971	0.698
governing	governing regulating ruling managing	governing regulating regarding concerning	943	3057	0.698
execution	execution operation effect executions	execution death murder executions	3362	638	0.698
records	records papers books record	records documents data reports	595	3405	0.697
united states	states state union united	country usa west states	1966	2034	0.697
grievances	injuries complaints oppression abuses	problems concerns complaints issues	2736	1264	0.697
bail	bail bond security evidence	bail bond charges parole	1982	2018	0.696
grant	grant give make allow	grant grants award loan	1842	2158	0.696
defense	defense protection security support	defense offense military security	1018	2982	0.696
resolution	resolution resolve resolutions motion	resolution resolutions settlement decision	2514	1486	0.696
tender	tender good generous soft	tender soft golden translucent	2258	1742	0.696
requisite	necessary proper required sufficient	necessary required appropriate proper	3179	821	0.694
departments	departments offices department branches	departments agencies programs department	1409	2591	0.694
seats	seats places seat place	seats seat chairs positions	499	3501	0.694
claiming	claiming holding taking demanding	claiming saying arguing asserting	899	3101	0.693
arming	training employing building organizing	supporting training fighting protecting	1221	639	0.693
impeachment	indictment trial accusation complaint	clinton senate election criminal	2453	1547	0.693
list	list return number lists	list lists roster listing	521	3479	0.693
imminent	imminent great immediate extreme	imminent possible immediate impending	929	3071	0.693
directed	directed ordered requested authorized	directed produced aimed written	2416	1584	0.691
just	just now lately also	just simply really even	307	3693	0.691
guarantee	guarantee security treaty secure	guarantee ensure promise assure	539	3461	0.691
admiralty	admiralty law appeals equity	admiralty navy government maritime	3728	272	0.690
people	people men inhabitants citizens	people men individuals folks	830	3170	0.690
belonging	belonging belong belonged belongs	belonging related belonged belong	3228	772	0.690
information	information intelligence advice knowledge	information data knowledge details	713	3287	0.689
insurrections	insurrection riots disorders disturbances	violence insurrection wars riots	842	95	0.689
right	right power liberty privilege	right left wrong just	756	3244	0.689
service	service services army duty	service services system agency	1300	2700	0.689
representation	representation report government representatives	representation participation image description	1823	2177	0.688
convention	convention congress assembly legislature	convention conference conventions treaty	2290	1710	0.687
such	fitch said many every	known like just defined	1919	2081	0.687
discipline	discipline government order religion	discipline field control subject	1148	2852	0.687
honor	honor happiness pleasure satisfaction	honor honors support respect	3152	848	0.687
disorderly	wicked irregular dangerous evil	criminal improper sexual reckless	1258	622	0.686
acceptance	acceptance favor accept consideration	acceptance recognition support understanding	1176	2824	0.686
enumeration	census representation account description	analysis description census list	1543	225	0.686
writs	writ process letters processes	letters papers writ documents	3196	51	0.685
effects	effects consequences effect influence	effects effect impact consequences	978	3022	0.685
searches	searches search inquiries seizures	searches search searching looks	310	3690	0.685
consequence	consequence consideration virtue importance	consequence result product outcome	3178	822	0.684
new hampshire	connecticut massachusetts virginia pennsylvania	massachusetts california pennsylvania vermont	2523	1477	0.684
vacated	vacated vacant filled taken	vacated left occupied filled	463	889	0.684
revenue	revenue revenues money tax	revenue revenues income sales	1733	2267	0.683
controversies	disputes controversies differences questions	issues controversies problems debates	1299	1406	0.682
forces	forces troops army force	forces force troops units	497	3503	0.682
principal	principal chief great first	principal teacher main primary	2163	1837	0.682
union	union state government country	union empire bloc government	1373	2627	0.681
georgia	georgia virginia maryland pennsylvania	georgia florida atlanta virginia	992	3008	0.681
contracted	contracted incurred made due	contracted developed acquired caught	2431	1569	0.680
invasions	invasions attacks invasion assaults	invasions invasion invaders wars	697	847	0.679
treasury	treasury state navy war	treasury government commerce state	3363	637	0.679
application	application request applications representation	application use applications implementation	1946	2054	0.678
revision	revision review consideration modification	revision revisions review change	1073	2927	0.678
certify	declare report return deliver	verify prove confirm show	2631	612	0.678
ability	ability abilities power capacity	ability capacity power abilities	283	3717	0.678
writing	writing written wrote writings	writing reading work written	1132	2868	0.676
numbers	numbers number many quantities	numbers number figures data	896	3104	0.675
chief	chief general principal person	chief senior head director	1318	2682	0.675
choice	choice election appointment nomination	choice choices option decision	798	3202	0.675
yards	yards feet miles rods	yards feet yard points	413	3587	0.674
tax	tax taxes duty sum	tax taxes income revenue	983	3017	0.674
direct	direct order require general	direct immediate indirect significant	1319	2681	0.674
exercise	exercise use possess abuse	exercise activity fitness training	1386	2614	0.674
disagreement	disagreement difference amendments amendment	disagreement conflict debate agreement	767	2947	0.674
inspection	inspection examination observation consideration	inspection examination analysis evaluation	1508	2492	0.674
prejudice	prejudice injury disadvantage advantage	prejudice discrimination bias racism	2396	1604	0.673
regulation	regulation government law regulations	regulation control regulations policy	1088	2912	0.673
existing	existing present former established	existing current new old	690	3310	0.673
appointments	appointments appointment offices commissions	appointments visits appointment meetings	1956	2044	0.672
maritime	maritime commercial naval great	maritime marine sea naval	1988	2012	0.672
emoluments	benefits advantages privileges pay	benefits privileges advantages rights	1948	25	0.672
arms	arms guns weapons arm	arms hands arm legs	1391	2609	0.672
limited	limited fixed specified prescribed	limited restricted small confined	647	3353	0.672
mode	mode method manner way	mode form style method	2372	1628	0.672
posterity	children others people mankind	others history everyone people	3570	430	0.672
concur	join agree unite cooperate	agree disagree agreed believe	3334	609	0.672
claims	claims claim demands accounts	claims says claim said	1157	2843	0.671
ordain	establish make declare appoint	admit appoint accept allow	1336	155	0.671
lands	lands land property estates	lands land areas property	3132	868	0.670
authors	authors writers men persons	authors researchers writers author	717	3283	0.670
disparage	destroy exclude affect alter	attack condemn describe insult	86	286	0.670
affect	affect influence destroy concern	affect impact influence change	702	3298	0.670
according	according contrary pursuant subject	according thanks contrary referring	1161	2839	0.670
supreme	supreme general superior great	supreme high district appeals	1728	2272	0.669
capital	capital great principal stock	capital investment city money	766	3234	0.668
whereof	wherein thereof whereby therefore	whenever like everything whether	3950	50	0.667
duties	duties duty taxes tax	duties responsibilities work tasks	3140	860	0.666
sign	sign signs head receive	sign signs signal indication	542	3458	0.666
absence	absence presence departure name	absence presence lack loss	1297	2703	0.666
jeopardy	danger jeopardy hazard question	jeopardy danger trouble doubt	300	1863	0.666
section	section article clause part	section sections part article	630	3370	0.666
pardons	pardon amnesty rewards relief	pardon parole corrections amnesty	528	286	0.666
admit	admit allow permit require	admit say acknowledge confess	1962	2038	0.665
impairing	destroying affecting concerning altering	affecting reducing threatening damaging	236	139	0.665
presence	presence name absence company	presence absence existence appearance	980	3020	0.665
crime	crime offense sin crimes	crime murder crimes violence	757	3243	0.665
regular	regular proper general good	regular daily frequent normal	959	3041	0.665
corruption	corruption oppression bribery fraud	corruption fraud violence bribery	1496	2504	0.665
exceeding	exceeding exceed less exceeds	exceeding approaching beyond surpassing	3475	525	0.665
qualifications	qualifications qualities abilities qualification	qualifications credentials skills training	2227	1773	0.665
grand jury	jury court judges judge	court jury judge prosecutor	1411	2589	0.665
reconsideration	consideration revision discussion examination	review revision discussion consideration	473	411	0.664
qualification	qualification qualifications thing quality	qualification qualifications training requirement	1544	1093	0.664
progress	progress course advance improvement	progress growth success development	1094	2906	0.664
civil	civil political public general	civil human voting political	1379	2621	0.664
ports	ports port islands vessels	ports port cities connections	3101	899	0.663
regulated	regulated governed determined directed	regulated controlled managed governed	1725	2275	0.663
liable	liable subject exposed entitled	liable responsible accountable bound	3405	595	0.663
sealed	sealed signed delivered made	sealed closed locked covered	1244	2756	0.663
certificates	certificates notes certificate securities	certificates certificate records letters	3434	566	0.663
counsel	counsel advice council attorney	counsel attorney director lawyer	1473	2527	0.663
attainted	convicted accused indicted guilty	imprisoned executed tried convicted	531	7	0.662
controversy	controversy dispute question contest	controversy debate dispute conflict	1261	2739	0.662
absent	absent gone present removed	absent missing removed excluded	1800	2200	0.662
returns	returns return accounts reports	returns return comes returned	1445	2555	0.662
felonies	crimes offenses murders felony	crimes offenses charges felony	543	491	0.661
establishment	establishment institution support formation	establishment creation development formation	2105	1895	0.661
sitting	sitting standing meeting assembled	sitting standing lying seated	471	3529	0.661
attainder	indictment rights death limitation	rights exceptions indictment privilege	541	116	0.660
prescribed	prescribed provided directed required	prescribed used recommended given	2149	1851	0.659
bribery	bribery fraud corruption injustice	bribery corruption fraud conspiracy	686	1111	0.659
bills	bills notes bill money	bills bill costs expenses	2266	1734	0.658
trust	trust hope believe think	trust believe confidence love	1521	2479	0.658
i	therefore ii one congress	people just one everyone	1152	2848	0.658
apportioned	laid paid assessed raised	distributed divided allocated spread	851	145	0.657
speaker	speaker president clerk secretary	speaker president leader chairman	1522	2478	0.657
perfect	perfect great complete profound	perfect good great ideal	1192	2808	0.657
imports	imports exports import goods	imports exports production products	1397	2603	0.657
domestic	domestic public private social	domestic national local foreign	478	3522	0.657
branch	branch part branches house	branch branches office department	1782	2218	0.656
committed	committed done made practised	committed dedicated devoted commit	2183	1817	0.656
naval	naval military marine sea	naval military navy marine	2402	1598	0.656
new jersey	pennsylvania virginia maryland connecticut	california pennsylvania florida massachusetts	2156	1844	0.656
profit	profit advantage benefit gain	profit profits revenue income	1027	2973	0.656
subject	subject matter point business	subject topic subjects subjected	2312	1688	0.655
members	members gentlemen officers representatives	members leaders people representatives	949	3051	0.654
needful	necessary proper sufficient convenient	necessary important possible needed	2051	126	0.654
free	free good freed great	free open new full	829	3171	0.654
commerce	commerce trade navigation manufactures	commerce trade business industry	2718	1282	0.653
vessels	vessels ships boats vessel	vessels ships boats vessel	3366	634	0.653
power	power powers authority right	power authority energy powers	1734	2266	0.653
we	wee men others people	people others everyone americans	949	3051	0.653
use	use benefit uses advantage	use utilize employ take	688	3312	0.653
acts	acts act laws resolutions	acts actions act works	2229	1771	0.652
admitted	admitted allowed received taken	admitted said acknowledged confessed	2022	1978	0.651
tribunals	courts judges court tribunal	courts commissions trials tribunal	1066	490	0.651
transmit	transmit send forward return	transmit send carry deliver	3107	893	0.650
session	session sessions meeting sitting	session meeting sessions day	1695	2305	0.650
support	support maintain defense maintenance	support help assistance supports	842	3158	0.650
purpose	purpose end purposes object	purpose goal objective intent	2349	1651	0.650
levying	raising collecting levy granting	imposing raising paying collecting	1659	116	0.650
bound	bound obliged going destined	bound going tied likely	2328	1672	0.650
work	work business labor works	work working works go	415	3585	0.650
petition	petition memorial petitions representation	petition request letter document	3602	398	0.650
it	nothing one tis ii	everything something one things	1054	2946	0.649
including	including besides except excluding	including especially like particularly	129	3871	0.649
present	present first last late	present current new future	2419	1581	0.648
criminal	criminal civil capital judicial	criminal civil federal public	892	3108	0.648
militia	militia troops army men	militia army military government	3524	476	0.648
property	property estate goods estates	property land estate home	2067	1933	0.648
navy	navy fleet army marine	navy army military marine	1222	2778	0.647
providence	providence god heaven nature	providence newport bristol boston	3383	617	0.647
they	others men many people	people others many everyone	1264	2736	0.647
removal	removal removing departure return	removal reduction elimination treatment	1823	2177	0.646
notwithstanding	notwithstanding besides considering upon	notwithstanding despite aside given	3470	530	0.646
representative	representative member representatives senator	representative senator congressman member	965	3035	0.646
following	following preceding follow ensuing	following preceding next first	1579	2421	0.645
plantations	plantations plantation islands colonies	plantations farms fields trees	3122	878	0.645
office	office offices department place	office offices room department	1337	2663	0.644
account	account accounts occasion consideration	account accounts view analysis	2483	1517	0.644
respective	respective several different said	respective various different two	3012	988	0.644
contracts	contracts contract engagements agreements	contracts deals agreements contract	869	3131	0.644
dollars	dollars pounds dollar cents	dollars bucks pounds dollar	2310	1690	0.644
rhode island	virginia connecticut maryland massachusetts	massachusetts connecticut virginia maine	3106	894	0.643
expenditures	expenditures expenses expenditure payments	expenditures spending costs expenses	1453	2547	0.643
maryland	maryland virginia pennsylvania delaware	maryland virginia pennsylvania washington	2330	1670	0.642
provide	provide prepare act make	provide offer give create	446	3554	0.642
desire	desire wish request hope	desire need wish determination	2052	1948	0.642
delay	delay difficulty interruption delays	delay delays stop time	2154	1846	0.642
district	district county state districts	district state city area	956	3044	0.642
oath	oath examination declaration bond	oath pledge seal vow	3491	509	0.642
advice	advice aid advise leave	advice information guidance help	1640	2360	0.641
imposts	taxes duties rates customs	penalties fines customs fees	1257	11	0.641
south carolina	virginia maryland georgia pennsylvania	georgia virginia florida texas	2566	1434	0.640
north carolina	virginia maryland georgia pennsylvania	georgia virginia florida tennessee	1787	2213	0.640
reconsider	amend consider alter adopt	consider change examine review	548	1702	0.639
arrest	arrest confinement imprisonment detention	arrest death arrests capture	825	3175	0.639
appointment	appointment election nomination appointments	appointment appointments interview election	2692	1308	0.639
officers	officers men officer soldiers	officers officials men police	2779	1221	0.639
pursuance	consequence virtue execution consideration	consequence support pursuit defense	3976	24	0.638
them	others men one people	people one others everyone	1673	2327	0.638
original	original first former present	original first new old	1085	2915	0.638
authorized	authorized empowered directed required	authorized allowed required permitted	3120	880	0.638
numerous	numerous great many large	many several numerous various	1445	2555	0.638
ambassadors	ambassadors ministers commissioners deputies	ambassadors ministers diplomats leaders	2020	931	0.637
secrecy	secrecy silence caution fidelity	secrecy silence privacy security	1745	2255	0.637
senators	senators representatives members senate	senators legislators democrats members	1709	2291	0.637
cause	cause causes reason occasion	cause causes produce trigger	2089	1911	0.637
signed	signed made approved certified	signed negotiated made sign	1303	2697	0.636
unusual	uncommon unusual extraordinary great	unusual extraordinary interesting new	392	3608	0.636
foreign	foreign european public british	foreign international domestic american	1489	2511	0.636
there	now thence also indeed	now everything still today	924	3076	0.636
included	included contained mentioned comprised	included involved includes include	315	3685	0.636
common	common general public ordinary	common general frequent shared	1595	2405	0.635
congress	congress government parliament assembly	congress washington government parliament	2945	1055	0.635
alone	alone also indeed therefore	alone now together outside	961	3039	0.635
debate	debate discussion debates conversation	debate discussion controversy debates	704	3296	0.635
meeting	meeting meetings assembly conference	meeting conference session meetings	1509	2491	0.635
reserved	reserved given granted left	reserved used available designed	1532	2468	0.635
inhabitant	officer citizen inhabitants inhabit	resident person individual citizen	3362	309	0.635
informed	informed told assured acquainted	informed told advised assured	2640	1360	0.634
proportion	proportion part proportions addition	proportion percentage number share	2711	1289	0.634
proceedings	proceedings conduct proceeding acts	proceedings papers transactions journal	3079	921	0.634
own	present private personal whole	personal new first individual	1214	2786	0.634
virginia	virginia maryland pennsylvania georgia	virginia georgia maryland texas	2150	1850	0.634
resignation	resignation appointment removal death	resignation retirement departure dismissal	2160	1840	0.633
suspended	suspended continued postponed delayed	suspended banned fired hanging	1314	2686	0.633
reserving	leaving saving retaining giving	leaving using adding reserve	1029	789	0.633
demand	demand claim require receive	demand need demands prices	1329	2671	0.633
discoveries	discoveries improvements observations discovery	discoveries findings observations discovery	1541	2459	0.633
act	act acts law ad	act law acts legislation	2247	1753	0.633
whole	whole entire great present	whole entire real full	1947	2053	0.633
regulations	regulations laws rules measures	regulations rules laws policies	1615	2385	0.632
holding	holding keeping taking held	holding carrying taking clutching	651	3349	0.632
war	war peace wars state	war wars conflict battle	1574	2426	0.632
construed	understood interpreted taken deemed	interpreted viewed seen understood	2454	1203	0.632
further	farther also likewise therefore	also farther additional deeper	1948	2052	0.632
government	government constitution administration state	government state administration public	1562	2438	0.632
buildings	buildings houses building works	buildings houses structures homes	872	3128	0.632
going	going coming gone proceeding	going supposed trying coming	291	3709	0.631
election	election elections appointment choice	election elections campaign vote	1150	2850	0.631
try	try examine attempt hear	try attempt want continue	342	3658	0.630
receipts	receipts certificates receipt accounts	receipts revenues revenue sales	2671	1329	0.630
engage	engage join continue enter	engage participate engaged join	1342	2658	0.630
high	high low great higher	high low higher middle	530	3470	0.629
compensation	compensation allowance pay payment	compensation pay benefits salary	2039	1961	0.629
favor	favor behalf support honor	favor support front place	2781	1219	0.628
peace	peace war county court	peace war security freedom	2619	1381	0.628
determined	determined resolved decided concluded	determined found trying decided	1796	2204	0.628
stated	stated mentioned said represented	stated said noted explained	1481	2519	0.628
determine	determine decide judge know	determine assess identify evaluate	1178	2822	0.628
chosen	chosen appointed elected nominated	chosen selected used picked	1896	2104	0.628
representatives	representatives delegates representative assembly	representatives members leaders officials	2831	1169	0.627
consideration	consideration examination discussion view	consideration analysis discussion study	3139	861	0.627
approved	approved accepted adopted allowed	approved accepted adopted passed	1466	2534	0.626
or	upon without ot even	versus even like plus	1581	2419	0.626
invasion	invasion attack war insurrection	invasion occupation war attack	1149	2851	0.626
claim	claim claims right demand	claim say claims believe	1471	2529	0.626
justice	justice honor equity judge	justice law judge defense	2006	1994	0.626
himself	others self god another	everyone oneself people everything	1495	2505	0.625
duty	duty duties business office	duty duties responsibility obligation	3063	937	0.625
respect	respect regard respects esteem	respect regard love regards	2524	1476	0.625
general	general colonel gen major	general particular gen special	2547	1453	0.625
legislative	legislative executive judicial legislature	legislative political congressional legal	2054	1946	0.625
public	public general private national	public community private government	866	3134	0.625
money	money cash funds sum	money cash funds dollars	1330	2670	0.624
ratification	ratification adoption signature execution	ratification approval implementation adoption	2888	1112	0.624
ratifying	adopting confirming making signing	signing implementing adopting passing	465	180	0.624
witnesses	witnesses persons witness evidence	witnesses people witness lawyers	1987	2013	0.624
silver	silver gold copper brass	silver gold black white	1165	2835	0.624
majority	majority minority number part	majority minority bulk number	1028	2972	0.624
answer	answer reply answers answered	answer response reply answers	1771	2229	0.624
accordingly	accordingly immediately also therefore	accordingly thus therefore however	3025	975	0.624
effect	effect operation effects influence	effect effects impact influence	1347	2653	0.623
tranquility	peace happiness safety prosperity	peace calm harmony security	3257	743	0.623
amendment	amendment motion amendments resolution	amendment amendments article clause	1606	2394	0.623
state	state government commonwealth slate	state city county government	1528	2472	0.623
massachusetts	massachusetts connecticut pennsylvania virginia	massachusetts california connecticut pennsylvania	2283	1717	0.623
laid	laid said lay set	laid set put lay	2871	1129	0.622
raising	raising making collecting providing	raising raise increasing making	1213	2787	0.622
authority	authority power authorities author	authority power control powers	2514	1486	0.622
consuls	agents consul ministers commissioners	ambassadors agents governors diplomats	3549	125	0.622
judges	judges justices judge commissioners	judges courts lawyers justices	2224	1776	0.622
pennsylvania	pennsylvania maryland virginia connecticut	pennsylvania ohio virginia maryland	2769	1231	0.622
actual	actual real immediate present	actual real current overall	813	3187	0.621
carrying	carrying bringing carried carry	carrying holding bearing taking	1367	2633	0.621
america	america england europe france	america american europe americans	1576	2424	0.621
employed	employed engaged used occupied	employed used utilized working	2479	1521	0.621
new	new old north west	new old different current	324	3676	0.621
square	square street round house	square cubic squared linear	518	3482	0.621
department	department office departments dept	department office departments division	788	3212	0.620
infringed	violated invaded impaired abused	violated relied infringement invaded	488	264	0.620
citizen	citizen man subject person	citizen person man citizens	2036	1964	0.620
things	things matters affairs circumstances	things stuff everything people	1006	2994	0.620
ourselves	others god men mankind	people others oneself things	2027	1973	0.620
indian	indian american indians english	indian american native tribal	1253	2747	0.619
elections	elections election votes meetings	elections election primaries voting	897	3103	0.619
proposed	proposed recommended suggested intended	proposed suggested new recommended	1994	2006	0.619
sole	sole principal chief first	sole primary main first	1650	2350	0.619
kind	kind sort species nature	kind sort type kinds	1165	2835	0.618
inability	inability ability failure refusal	inability ability failure refusal	1038	2962	0.618
person	person man persons one	person man woman individual	1973	2027	0.618
payment	payment payments discharge pay	payment payments pay money	2954	1046	0.618
letters	letters letter papers communications	letters letter words notes	2307	1693	0.618
convene	meet assemble call attend	hold meet organize assemble	772	615	0.617
connecticut	connecticut massachusetts virginia pennsylvania	connecticut massachusetts pennsylvania california	2462	1538	0.617
charged	charged charge credited accused	charged charge arrested credited	1436	2564	0.616
convened	convened assembled met held	convened organized held assembled	1953	1532	0.616
nations	nations countries states people	nations states countries nation	2146	1854	0.615
same	fame like said whole	right opposite first identical	1616	2384	0.615
misdemeanors	offenses crimes treason abuses	crimes offenses murders charges	587	414	0.615
executing	executing performing fulfilling making	executing making performing killing	2829	1171	0.615
testimony	testimony evidence proof witness	testimony evidence statements information	2078	1922	0.614
probable	probable certain likely possible	probable likely possible plausible	3112	888	0.614
themselves	others men mankind together	others people oneself life	1703	2297	0.614
relating	relating relative pertaining related	relating related pertaining relative	2305	1695	0.614
clauses	clauses articles provisions parts	clauses provisions clause words	1434	1402	0.614
senator	senator representative member president	senator congressman representative president	424	3576	0.613
preside	act rule sit reign	take watch presided rule	1227	539	0.613
treaty	treaty treaties convention peace	treaty agreement convention pact	3258	742	0.613
value	value price amount worth	value price values importance	1125	2875	0.612
impartial	honest equal just good	independent objective honest fair	3059	941	0.612
like	like unlike resembling without	like unlike just around	349	3651	0.612
comfort	comfort happiness support consolation	comfort safety support help	1380	2620	0.612
exports	exports imports manufactures trade	exports imports sales trade	1224	2776	0.612
number	number proportion quantity numbers	number numbers percentage amount	1215	2785	0.611
private	private public personal particular	private public personal individual	1201	2799	0.611
objections	objections objection arguments opposition	objections opposition objection resistance	2900	1100	0.611
removed	removed moved taken brought	removed pulled eliminated lifted	1531	2469	0.611
repel	resist oppose prevent defeat	resist fight stop deter	1592	694	0.611
follows	follows follow following followed	follows followed follow following	1669	2331	0.610
agreement	agreement contract engagement treaty	agreement accord deal agreements	754	3246	0.610
together	together along accompanied also	together back apart along	933	3067	0.610
blood	blood death tears life	blood water body air	985	3015	0.610
territory	territory country territories lands	territory land country territories	1723	2277	0.610
rules	rules laws principles rule	rules laws regulations standards	949	3051	0.610
speech	speech address letter message	speech language address statement	846	3154	0.610
excessive	excessive great extreme violent	excessive increased high heavy	1154	2846	0.610
liberty	liberty freedom peace opportunity	liberty freedom rights liberties	3299	701	0.610
taxed	paid assessed rated allowed	tax paid assessed taxes	2685	1315	0.609
fact	fact truth reality general	fact reality truth addition	434	3566	0.609
choosing	choosing appointing selecting elect	choosing selecting picking using	883	3117	0.609
indictment	indictment evidence charge accusation	indictment case investigation prosecution	1396	2604	0.609
president	president governor secretary executive	president governor chairman secretary	1045	2955	0.607
states	states state colonies governments	states countries nations state	2026	1974	0.607
occasions	occasions occasion accounts emergencies	occasions days occasion times	2240	1760	0.607
thing	thing things one matter	thing things one stuff	1297	2703	0.607
mentioned	mentioned described stated specified	mentioned described discussed noted	2817	1183	0.607
granted	granted given allowed made	granted given denied offered	2619	1381	0.607
names	names name number characters	names name words faces	1226	2774	0.607
heads	heads head bodies hands	heads head faces bodies	988	3012	0.606
forth	forth forward upon back	forth forward back away	2094	1906	0.606
subsequent	subsequent former previous future	subsequent later recent future	1147	2853	0.605
purposes	purposes purpose uses ends	purposes purpose reasons use	2211	1789	0.605
age	age years life aged	age ages time aged	778	3222	0.605
assistance	assistance aid help support	assistance support help aid	1719	2281	0.605
troops	troops army men soldiers	troops soldiers forces men	2560	1440	0.605
prosecutions	proceedings suits prosecution actions	cases investigations prosecution trials	1087	867	0.605
imposed	imposed laid set established	imposed placed established inflicted	1575	2425	0.605
question	question point questions subject	question problem issue questions	1105	2895	0.605
persons	persons people men individuals	people persons individuals men	3369	631	0.605
member	member man gentleman person	member leader members representative	938	3062	0.604
escaping	escaping escape returning avoiding	escaping fleeing leaving avoiding	842	2390	0.604
bear	bear endure carry take	bear bears carry take	1555	2445	0.604
inflicted	inflicted imposed executed bestowed	inflicted imposed caused brought	1943	2018	0.604
contrary	contrary opposite according contradictory	contrary according similar surface	3011	989	0.604
produce	produce give make occasion	produce create make generate	1594	2406	0.604
execute	execute perform receive make	execute perform make implement	3178	822	0.604
adjourn	meet sit proceed continue	leave close go move	2126	128	0.604
given	given made taken granted	given offered considering despite	1668	2332	0.604
consent	consent assent permission authority	consent permission assent approval	2712	1288	0.604
discharged	discharged released relieved dismissed	discharged released admitted removed	3303	697	0.603
proper	proper necessary sufficient best	proper appropriate good right	3069	931	0.603
rights	rights privileges liberties right	rights right liberties freedom	1193	2807	0.603
officer	officer officers person captain	officer officers director man	2098	1902	0.603
redress	relief justice satisfaction remedy	remedy justice address correct	3286	714	0.602
inferior	inferior superior equal county	inferior superior equal lower	2852	1148	0.602
blessings	blessings benefits advantages privileges	blessings gifts blessing benefits	3318	682	0.602
rebellion	rebellion war insurrection revolt	rebellion revolt war uprising	1976	2024	0.602
executed	executed made performed done	executed killed made murdered	2633	1367	0.602
order	order orders time hopes	order attempting trying addition	1962	2038	0.602
judge	judge think judges see	judge court justice lawyer	1958	2042	0.602
penalties	penalties penalty fines damages	penalties sanctions fines punishment	2159	1841	0.601
trial	trial trials examination prosecution	trial trials case investigation	1445	2555	0.601
nominate	nominate appoint choose name	nominate choose name select	1902	711	0.601
temporary	temporary general new permanent	temporary permanent new small	1332	2668	0.601
senate	senate house president legislature	senate house congress congressional	2183	1817	0.601
privilege	privilege right liberty power	privilege power pleasure honor	2258	1742	0.600
most	truly least first best	many least less first	1250	2750	0.600
army	army troops armies militia	army military navy government	2223	1777	0.600
likewise	also likewise therefore now	also similarly likewise moreover	2852	1148	0.600
part	part parts portion proportion	part parts one half	1543	2457	0.599
conviction	conviction persuasion knowledge belief	conviction belief trial convictions	1947	2053	0.599
places	places place parts towns	places areas locations spots	1432	2568	0.599
religious	religious political christian public	religious political christian spiritual	892	3108	0.599
others	others another men many	others people many another	1352	2648	0.598
delaware	delaware pennsylvania maryland virginia	delaware pennsylvania ohio maryland	3204	796	0.598
parts	parts part places portions	parts part areas portions	1807	2193	0.598
courts	courts court judges offices	courts court judges states	2238	1762	0.598
importation	import sale export transportation	import use sale introduction	3534	466	0.597
indians	indians people inhabitants natives	indians people natives americans	2512	1488	0.597
alter	alter change amend vary	alter change affect modify	1774	2226	0.597
otherwise	otherwise else now afterwards	otherwise now still normally	1875	2125	0.597
created	created made formed produced	created produced made developed	385	3615	0.596
call	call called make term	call called phone calls	742	3258	0.596
nature	nature kind character life	nature life character structure	1945	2055	0.596
also	also likewise therefore particularly	also even still now	657	3343	0.596
gold	gold silver money copper	gold silver white bronze	867	3133	0.596
full	full complete proper sufficient	full half free complete	1109	2891	0.595
held	held kept holden convened	held kept holding put	893	3107	0.595
having	now finding taking since	getting making seeing just	1932	2068	0.595
insure	secure ensure give promote	ensure assure guarantee maintain	1390	1688	0.595
case	case cases event time	case cases situation instance	1511	2489	0.595
breach	breach violation contempt violations	breach violation failure violations	2611	1389	0.595
period	period time day moment	period time year span	919	3081	0.595
obligation	obligation obligations duty necessity	obligation responsibility duty right	2191	1809	0.595
amendments	amendments amendment alterations objections	amendments changes amendment revisions	2827	1173	0.594
taxes	taxes tax duties money	taxes tax fees taxation	1741	2259	0.594
then	now therefore also afterwards	now finally later eventually	918	3082	0.594
previously	previously already first also	previously already recently earlier	711	3289	0.594
ministers	ministers officers minister commissioners	ministers leaders officials ministries	3169	831	0.594
define	define regulate explain determine	define describe identify understand	261	3739	0.593
religion	religion christianity faith truth	religion faith christianity culture	2132	1868	0.593
useful	useful valuable necessary beneficial	useful important helpful valuable	1645	2355	0.593
voted	voted agreed resolved moved	voted decided agreed vote	1203	2797	0.593
exceptions	exceptions exception objections alterations	exceptions exception changes examples	1292	2708	0.593
required	required directed desired requested	required needed necessary allowed	1495	2505	0.592
votes	votes vote ballots members	votes vote ballots voters	1611	2389	0.592
jury	jury court judge verdict	jury court judge panel	1902	2098	0.592
prescribe	establish direct determine make	use recommend take administer	1250	1495	0.592
whom	whose others wherein persons	whose people someone others	2572	1428	0.592
s	ll re ts es	re ll ve ss	374	3626	0.591
citizens	citizens people inhabitants subjects	citizens people residents americans	2191	1809	0.591
form	form make forms manner	form forms shape type	1277	2723	0.591
violated	violated broken abused broke	violated breached ignored broke	1352	2648	0.591
land	land lands ground country	land property lands ground	1864	2136	0.591
end	end ends beginning close	end beginning start ends	842	3158	0.591
and	yet arid nay though	plus yet arid even	1181	2819	0.590
thereby	thereby thus also therefore	thus thereby therefore ultimately	2258	1742	0.590
presented	presented offered delivered sent	presented provided offered given	1173	2827	0.590
ascertained	determined known established fixed	determined assessed found established	3638	362	0.590
for	upon tor towards concerning	toward tor without around	1026	2974	0.589
forts	forts posts fortifications towns	forts fortifications buildings castles	2429	595	0.589
papers	papers paper documents records	papers documents paper newspapers	2603	1397	0.589
fines	fines penalties fees taxes	fines penalties fees damages	2318	1682	0.589
that	whether thai therefore wherein	now whether one even	1167	2833	0.588
intents	intent uses ends constructions	purposes intent ends ways	2158	325	0.588
meet	meet met attend assemble	meet see find satisfy	1215	2785	0.588
confederation	confederation union constitution convention	confederation union association federation	3530	470	0.588
cases	cases instances circumstances matters	cases instances situations areas	1284	2716	0.587
privileges	privileges rights liberties advantages	privileges rights benefits advantages	3097	903	0.587
judicial	judicial legislative executive judiciary	judicial legal court political	1628	2372	0.587
opinion	opinion judgment opinions sentiment	opinion view judgment opinions	2797	1203	0.586
witness	witness witnesses testimony evidence	witness see witnesses testimony	1746	2254	0.586
roads	roads road highways streets	roads highways streets road	1479	2521	0.586
enjoy	enjoy possess receive obtain	enjoy love like appreciate	1411	2589	0.586
ships	ships vessels ship boats	ships vessels boats ship	2628	1372	0.586
up	away back upon together	back away around together	492	3508	0.586
published	published printed written made	published released printed issued	984	3016	0.586
those	many others several men	many people two others	1368	2632	0.586
during	throughout within since upon	throughout following within since	614	3386	0.586
divided	divided separated split distributed	divided split separated organized	1711	2289	0.585
vote	vote votes act ballot	vote votes work voting	1182	2818	0.585
being	becoming appearing now remaining	getting becoming feeling now	1767	2233	0.585
adhering	attending recurring adherence returning	sticking adherence attending clinging	750	745	0.583
law	law laws statute act	law laws policy legislation	1775	2225	0.583
open	open opened shut close	open closed opened shut	617	3383	0.583
cession	grant surrender purchase sale	grant purchase surrender sale	1746	107	0.582
swear	swear declare say promise	swear think know say	1788	2212	0.582
on	upon towards near within	upon around onto along	891	3109	0.582
entitled	entitled called titled title	entitled called titled labeled	2904	1096	0.582
invaded	invaded attacked violated conquered	invaded entered attacked occupied	1528	2472	0.582
calling	calling called call drawing	calling called call asking	793	3207	0.581
who	whose whoever now yet	whose also whoever now	1023	2977	0.581
seized	seized taken arrested confiscated	seized took taken captured	2488	1512	0.580
paid	paid given received made	paid pay paying charged	2290	1710	0.580
particular	particular general certain special	particular specific certain general	1690	2310	0.580
secure	secure preserve obtain protect	secure safe get obtain	1994	2006	0.580
accusation	accusation charge indictment complaint	accusation charge claim assertion	1662	1638	0.580
excluding	excluding removing restraining including	excluding including plus except	848	2547	0.579
promote	promote advance secure support	promote support encourage foster	1443	2557	0.579
both	either two neither several	two many either several	889	3111	0.579
limb	limb part body limbs	limb leg limbs arm	660	3340	0.578
than	now like besides even	like even just half	918	3082	0.578
water	water waters sea wine	water air waters oil	704	3296	0.578
describing	describing mentioning representing expressing	describing explaining discussing regarding	480	3520	0.578
agree	agree consent disagree agreed	agree disagree agreed believe	1511	2489	0.577
laws	laws law statutes acts	laws law rules regulations	2572	1428	0.577
by	upon without within among	around via within without	1596	2404	0.577
offenses	offenses crimes offenders offense	offenses crimes violations charges	2296	1704	0.577
recommend	recommend propose suggest offer	recommend suggest advise propose	2123	1877	0.577
enter	enter go come get	enter leave reach exit	1846	2154	0.576
supported	supported maintained established confirmed	supported backed funded opposed	1236	2764	0.576
large	large small great considerable	large small big huge	1003	2997	0.576
do	doe think say dare	ca say wo need	636	3364	0.576
proposing	proposing making suggesting offering	proposing suggesting seeking advocating	1631	2369	0.576
prior	prior previous subsequent previously	prior previous subsequent previously	477	3523	0.576
absolutely	absolutely essentially entirely highly	absolutely really just almost	1448	2552	0.575
house	house houses committee senate	house home room building	1558	2442	0.575
houses	houses house buildings places	houses homes buildings house	1848	2152	0.574
questioned	questioned doubted disputed examined	questioned asked challenged doubted	623	3377	0.574
happen	happen appear occur arise	happen occur come work	831	3169	0.573
rule	rule principle law rules	rule rules law policy	1324	2676	0.573
disapproved	approved complained thought approve	approved thought knew spoke	805	572	0.573
extraordinary	extraordinary great remarkable uncommon	extraordinary great incredible unusual	2053	1947	0.572
flee	fly flee go run	flee leave escape run	993	3007	0.572
lay	lay laid put set	lay sat stood laid	1835	2165	0.572
drawn	drawn taken made brought	drawn taken attracted made	1828	2172	0.572
freedom	freedom liberty independence peace	freedom liberty independence freedoms	1240	2760	0.571
so	thus now yet also	now thus yet just	1315	2685	0.571
clear	clear plain full certain	clear obvious evident apparent	633	3367	0.571
particularly	particularly especially also even	particularly especially even including	1242	2758	0.570
established	established formed settled erected	established created developed formed	1463	2537	0.569
with	upon without wit among	without around like within	1087	2913	0.569
counted	counted taken made found	counted count recorded found	639	3361	0.569
as	like ass though now	like though since now	1190	2810	0.569
pay	pay receive paid give	pay get paid charge	1890	2110	0.569
their	every whose thy one	one every another new	1467	2533	0.569
nobility	nobility people nobles citizens	nobility people nobles power	2732	1268	0.569
other	others several different one	many others different another	1210	2790	0.569
commander	commander general governor commanders	commander leader captain chief	2315	1685	0.569
life	life lives existence time	life lives career existence	826	3174	0.568
judgment	judgment opinion judgments sentence	judgment decision opinion judgments	2723	1277	0.567
diminished	diminished increased reduced decreased	diminished reduced increased decreased	1398	2602	0.567
should	now need also still	need better also needs	1741	2259	0.566
in	upon within without towards	within around throughout inside	1067	2933	0.566
now	now still yet also	now today still already	1062	2938	0.566
out	forth away back upon	back away outside around	596	3404	0.566
preserved	preserved kept maintained secured	preserved maintained kept restored	2207	1793	0.566
court	court courts council judge	court courts judge justice	2181	1819	0.565
its	every thy one whose	one another every whose	739	3261	0.565
tempore	quo president tempo te	quo president bono tempo	293	66	0.565
faith	faith grace religion god	faith religion belief confidence	1786	2214	0.564
return	return go come arrival	return go come move	1782	2218	0.564
king	king prince queen emperor	king prince queen johnson	2099	1901	0.564
arising	arising resulting derived received	arising resulting derived stemming	3281	719	0.564
formed	formed made established created	formed created established made	1911	2089	0.564
within	within without upon near	within inside outside around	1405	2595	0.564
debts	debts debt taxes money	debts debt loans bills	3510	490	0.564
elected	elected chosen appointed nominated	elected appointed chosen reelected	1174	2826	0.563
between	among upon within towards	among within across around	820	3180	0.563
accept	accept receive take give	accept take understand recognize	1287	2713	0.562
actually	actually already now also	actually really also still	379	3621	0.562
writings	writings books letters works	writings works work books	1883	2117	0.562
all	every many even several	au just half even	1388	2612	0.562
obliged	obliged compelled forced able	obliged forced compelled required	3677	323	0.561
crimes	crimes offenses crime sins	crimes crime offenses acts	1523	2477	0.561
death	death life destruction execution	death murder suicide life	1420	2580	0.560
place	place places time town	place places spot time	1389	2611	0.560
next	next last first ensuing	next first last second	1046	2954	0.560
good	good great excellent fine	good great bad nice	1358	2642	0.560
adding	adding saying giving observing	adding added saying noting	571	3429	0.559
this	every another one said	one another every either	1438	2562	0.559
once	first now ever last	now twice since whenever	655	3345	0.559
powers	powers power authority authorities	powers power authority states	2706	1294	0.558
best	best better first greatest	best worst greatest better	996	3004	0.558
choose	choose wish appoint elect	choose select pick decide	1157	2843	0.558
immunities	advantages privileges rights franchises	rights privileges protections powers	1268	399	0.557
raise	raise make levy provide	raise increase lower get	1167	2833	0.557
confession	confession declaration confessions testimony	confession statement story confessions	1771	2229	0.557
danger	danger hazard dangers fear	danger risk threat fear	2345	1655	0.556
faithfully	fully well duly truly	carefully fully also well	3063	937	0.556
cruel	cruel dreadful severe wicked	cruel harsh terrible unfair	2386	1614	0.556
highest	highest greatest utmost best	highest lowest high best	1401	2599	0.556
fled	fled retired returned escaped	fled left escaped moved	1444	2556	0.556
of	ot upon ol bf	ot ol among behind	1448	2552	0.556
returning	returning going coming return	returning coming going moving	1252	2748	0.556
from	upon form without towards	around form within across	1294	2706	0.555
pass	pass go come passed	pass run go passes	1407	2593	0.555
manner	manner way form mode	manner way fashion form	3154	846	0.555
which	wherein whose whatever whereby	one whose also now	2166	1834	0.554
against	upon towards concerning respecting	toward around upon behind	1446	2554	0.554
appointed	appointed chosen named nominated	appointed named elected nominated	3359	641	0.554
at	upon near within towards	around near toward inside	927	3073	0.554
searched	searched examined sought looked	searched looked checked scanned	531	3469	0.554
entered	entered enter entering passed	entered left reached approached	1796	2204	0.552
dispose	dispose disposed take accept	dispose disposed think speak	3261	739	0.552
proceed	proceed go come return	proceed go continue begin	3205	795	0.552
under	upon within without beneath	beneath within without behind	1710	2290	0.551
concerning	concerning respecting upon touching	regarding concerning respecting involving	2518	1482	0.551
originate	originate arise originated pass	originate come occur arise	1096	1093	0.551
certain	certain particular several small	certain many specific particular	1801	2199	0.551
securing	securing preserving obtaining maintaining	securing obtaining getting finding	2320	1680	0.551
fill	fill take supply make	fill cover filling filled	1111	2889	0.550
treaties	treaties treaty laws contracts	treaties agreements laws treaty	3341	659	0.550
enemies	enemies enemy friends neighbours	enemies friends allies opponents	2810	1190	0.550
tribes	tribes nations indians tribe	tribes people indians groups	1720	2280	0.550
necessary	necessary proper essential sufficient	necessary needed required appropriate	2540	1460	0.549
different	different various several particular	different various new distinct	830	3170	0.548
preserve	preserve maintain secure keep	preserve protect maintain restore	1962	2038	0.547
regulate	regulate establish direct govern	regulate control protect restrict	2099	1901	0.547
unreasonable	unreasonable absurd improper reasonable	unreasonable reasonable excessive arbitrary	2331	1669	0.547
sufficient	sufficient proper necessary enough	sufficient enough adequate necessary	2929	1071	0.546
called	called termed call named	called named dubbed termed	1014	2986	0.546
treason	treason murder felony rebellion	treason murder conspiracy corruption	3265	735	0.546
proved	proved appeared demonstrated found	proved seemed appeared proven	1732	2268	0.545
either	either neither whether one	either neither one whether	1591	2409	0.544
constitute	constitute form make compose	constitute represent form provide	1369	2631	0.544
nevertheless	nevertheless however also therefore	however nevertheless still indeed	1229	2771	0.544
times	times time days periods	times days time years	723	3277	0.544
originated	originated arose proceeded commenced	originated began started developed	1472	2528	0.543
throughout	throughout within upon among	throughout across within around	504	3496	0.543
electors	electors representatives members senators	electors voters candidates people	3726	274	0.543
abridging	limiting restraining destroying restricting	limiting restricting respecting restraining	201	64	0.543
legislatures	legislatures legislature governments assemblies	legislatures governments legislators courts	2949	1051	0.543
over	upon among round towards	around across along within	511	3489	0.543
propose	propose recommend wish intend	propose suggest offer recommend	2475	1525	0.542
soldier	soldier man officer person	soldier man officer boy	1695	2305	0.541
our	thy every one american	every one another american	1751	2249	0.541
publish	publish print write make	publish print write produce	1771	2229	0.541
thirds	thirds third parts quarters	thirds third quarters half	1472	2528	0.541
punishment	punishment punishments death penalty	punishment punishments justice discipline	2284	1716	0.541
passed	passed pass past made	passed went pass moved	1922	2078	0.540
granting	granting giving allowing making	granting giving offering allowing	2800	1200	0.540
may	april june july also	also probably often need	2081	1919	0.540
borrow	borrow receive lend raise	borrow take get use	1496	2504	0.540
only	merely also alone indeed	just even merely simply	962	3038	0.539
well	well much far good	well much far long	1093	2907	0.539
deprived	deprived robbed stripped possessed	deprived stripped robbed drained	2754	1246	0.539
hold	hold keep take held	hold keep take held	1021	2979	0.538
immediately	immediately instantly soon also	immediately quickly instantly soon	2157	1843	0.538
except	except save unless even	except even save just	1570	2430	0.538
prevent	prevent avoid discourage stop	prevent stop avoid discourage	2078	1922	0.538
delegated	given granted reserved committed	given assigned entrusted transferred	1694	613	0.538
peaceably	quietly freely well immediately	freely peacefully well quietly	1142	150	0.538
habeas	ad corpus letters te	ad corpus te per	963	422	0.537
smaller	smaller small larger lesser	smaller larger small bigger	385	3615	0.537
the	die tie tile every	die another one every	1226	2774	0.537
suppress	suppress prevent restrain check	suppress control prevent stop	1881	2119	0.537
collect	collect receive gather obtain	collect gather get obtain	1311	2689	0.537
an	another one every two	another one every two	1037	2963	0.537
have	find bath ve see	get ve need also	1371	2629	0.536
prince	prince king man monarch	prince king princess queen	1977	2023	0.535
constitution	constitution government confederation law	constitution law government charter	2913	1087	0.535
each	every one either another	one every either another	963	3037	0.535
establish	establish form maintain make	establish create develop build	1480	2520	0.534
hundred	hundred thousand million score	hundred thousand million dozen	2616	1384	0.534
attained	attained obtained gained acquired	achieved attained reached obtained	2071	1929	0.533
least	least first present best	least best first minimum	961	3039	0.533
miles	miles leagues mile rods	miles kilometers mile feet	1286	2714	0.533
equal	equal equivalent adequate superior	equal equivalent similar comparable	2271	1729	0.532
will	wil now also wo	ll also wil need	1665	2335	0.531
approve	approve accept approved think	approve accept support know	2166	1834	0.530
ever	ever never always yet	ever even never actually	1379	2621	0.529
among	among upon within towards	among within across around	1192	2808	0.528
shall	hall fall also now	also need now dare	3837	163	0.528
first	first last second third	first second last third	810	3190	0.527
delivered	delivered given sent returned	delivered made sent offered	2535	1465	0.527
compelled	compelled obliged forced induced	compelled forced obliged free	2254	1746	0.527
expel	remove exclude destroy dismiss	remove release kill eliminate	715	667	0.526
excepting	except including save besides	including except like even	3790	210	0.526
be	become stand remain lie	become get remain feel	1955	2045	0.525
exported	exported imported shipped brought	exported shipped sold imported	2895	1105	0.524
after	upon following since without	following since despite upon	927	3073	0.524
twice	twice often two sometimes	twice half just times	621	3379	0.522
to	unto tq io towards	toward ta io tq	1292	2708	0.522
prohibited	prohibited forbidden excluded permitted	prohibited banned forbidden barred	1911	2089	0.521
second	second third first fourth	second third first fourth	795	3205	0.520
require	require demand need admit	require need demand involve	1434	2566	0.519
whatever	whatever whatsoever whoever however	whatever anything whatsoever everything	1430	2570	0.519
several	several two many three	several three two many	1520	2480	0.518
time	time day period times	time day year times	1127	2873	0.518
retained	retained kept preserved continued	retained maintained kept held	1641	2359	0.518
jurisdiction	jurisdiction authority power government	jurisdiction authority control power	2444	1556	0.518
armies	armies troops army forces	armies forces troops soldiers	2737	1263	0.518
greatest	greatest highest best utmost	greatest biggest best great	2255	1745	0.518
erected	erected built made constructed	built erected constructed placed	2987	1013	0.518
whose	whose whole whatever thy	whose since though although	1481	2519	0.518
equally	equally also extremely perfectly	equally also especially extremely	2120	1880	0.517
before	upon till since without	since without till whenever	1325	2675	0.517
fourths	quarters thirds fourth parts	quarters thirds fourth fifth	1089	849	0.516
his	every thy one bis	one another bis every	1199	2801	0.516
what	whatever whatsoever something whether	whatever something everything anything	758	3242	0.515
maintain	maintain support preserve establish	maintain keep preserve establish	968	3032	0.514
declaring	declaring saying stating expressing	declaring saying stating announcing	2525	1475	0.514
found	found discovered thought seen	found discovered saw reported	979	3021	0.513
punish	punish condemn prevent restrain	punish kill protect condemn	2304	1696	0.513
expire	end cease commence terminate	end begin start close	1782	1087	0.513
had	bad now also found	bad also just got	923	3077	0.513
until	till unless til except	till since til unless	736	3264	0.513
any	every one either another	one every either another	2340	1660	0.513
extend	extend apply go reach	extend expand stretch reach	1985	2015	0.512
think	think suppose believe find	think know believe feel	938	3062	0.512
seas	seas sea ocean waters	seas sea waters water	2094	1906	0.511
made	made given taken making	made make making makes	1504	2496	0.511
convicted	convicted guilty accused indicted	convicted acquitted accused charged	1035	2965	0.510
where	wherein wherever whereby whilst	wherein wherever since whose	1016	2984	0.510
protect	protect defend secure preserve	protect defend save preserve	533	3467	0.509
returned	returned came went arrived	returned came went moved	1515	2485	0.507
appoint	appoint choose nominate employ	appoint name select nominate	3593	407	0.507
purchased	purchased bought sold obtained	purchased bought acquired sold	1717	2283	0.507
thousand	thousand hundred million millions	thousand hundred million dozen	2603	1397	0.507
been	bin become appeared ben	become gotten seemed remained	1246	2754	0.506
punishments	punishments punishment penalties pains	punishments punishment penalties sanctions	2258	1110	0.506
but	yet though however now	yet though although now	1069	2931	0.505
accused	accused convicted suspected guilty	accused suspected convicted charged	652	3348	0.505
no	none little nothing every	little none never nothing	1332	2668	0.503
without	without upon beyond notwithstanding	without despite beyond lacking	1684	2316	0.503
upon	upon towards within without	upon onto around within	3246	754	0.503
into	upon towards within unto	onto toward around inside	874	3126	0.503
exceed	exceed exceeds equal exceeding	exceed reach approach equal	2456	1544	0.503
ratified	ratified confirmed approved signed	ratified adopted approved signed	2851	1124	0.502
a	one another every two	another one every two	832	3168	0.498
more	less better greater farther	less better greater fewer	777	3223	0.497
every	every one another whatever	every one another last	2030	1970	0.495
elector	elector prince king duke	elector king emperor duke	968	103	0.494
declare	declare say acknowledge confess	declare say make consider	3041	959	0.493
put	put set brought placed	put get set placed	1112	2888	0.492
become	become remain make grow	become became remain get	808	3192	0.490
year	year month years summer	year month week day	516	3484	0.488
compel	force induce require enable	force allow require encourage	2882	1118	0.487
another	another one every others	another one every two	851	3149	0.487
whenever	whenever wherever unless whilst	whenever wherever anytime unless	1520	2480	0.484
legislature	legislature assembly government congress	legislature senate assembly government	2935	1065	0.481
longer	longer farther less sooner	longer less doubt way	858	3142	0.481
deem	think find consider judge	consider find think believe	3040	773	0.481
one	one two another three	one another two three	905	3095	0.480
was	appeared seemed became stood	seemed became remained felt	806	3194	0.480
sundays	sundays sunday saturdays saturday	sundays sunday saturdays fridays	387	3613	0.480
my	mine thy every one	one another every mine	1323	2677	0.478
day	day week night morning	day night week morning	1336	2664	0.477
when	whenever whilst though since	whenever since though although	866	3134	0.477
obtaining	obtaining receiving getting securing	obtaining getting acquiring receiving	2586	1414	0.475
sent	sent brought ordered carried	sent brought took gave	2169	1831	0.472
composed	composed formed made consisting	composed made comprised consisting	1829	2171	0.472
keep	keep hold take make	keep get hold kept	744	3256	0.471
consist	consist consists consisted consisting	consist consists consisted consisting	2742	1258	0.469
if	unless though whether whenever	unless though since whether	1263	2737	0.469
defend	defend protect support maintain	defend protect support save	1769	2231	0.468
make	make give render take	make made making get	1095	2905	0.467
is	appears seems remains becomes	remains seems becomes appears	1063	2937	0.467
prohibiting	prohibiting restraining preventing regulating	prohibiting banning restricting preventing	1067	1465	0.465
third	third fourth second fifth	third fourth second fifth	933	3067	0.465
fifths	thirds quarters fifth fourth	thirds quarters fifth fourth	609	648	0.465
not	never now neither hardly	never also still hardly	1343	2657	0.465
wherein	wherein whereby whereupon since	wherein whereby since whose	3507	493	0.464
giving	giving making taking offering	giving offering given providing	1312	2688	0.463
remain	remain continue stand stay	remain stay become continue	1584	2416	0.458
receive	receive take obtain get	receive get obtain take	2531	1469	0.458
taken	taken took made given	taken took made taking	2105	1895	0.456
deny	deny believe say refuse	deny say believe give	1777	2223	0.455
unless	unless except though till	unless though except although	1980	2020	0.451
are	appear seem arc remain	arc remain seem become	1085	2915	0.448
nothing	nothing none little something	nothing something anything little	1271	2729	0.447
give	give make afford take	give offer get provide	1799	2201	0.444
take	take give taking make	take get took taking	1192	2808	0.442
monday	monday saturday thursday tuesday	monday friday tuesday sunday	1352	2648	0.441
nor	neither never yet none	neither yet never ot	2659	1341	0.435
years	years months days weeks	years months decades days	609	3391	0.424
fourth	fourth third fifth second	fourth second third fifth	1021	2979	0.419
neither	neither never either nothing	neither either never nothing	1782	2218	0.413
days	days hours weeks months	days weeks years months	1159	2841	0.412
two	two three four five	two three four five	899	3101	0.411
sixth	sixth fifth third fourth	sixth fifth third fourth	1164	2836	0.407
fifth	fourth fifth third sixth	fifth fourth third sixth	1023	2977	0.398
seven	five three seven four	five six four three	1262	2738	0.383
eight	six eight four five	five six eight four	1023	2977	0.382
five	five four three two	five three four six	869	3131	0.382
ninth	fourth first third sixth	seventh fifth sixth ninth	1168	2832	0.381
three	three two four five	three four two five	868	3132	0.381
nine	eight six three five	five six four three	1116	2884	0.370
four	four three two five	three four five two	854	3146	0.368
six	five six four three	five six four three	1028	2972	0.356
december	december november june march	december january september october	1653	2347	0.342
fourteen	ten three five four	five ten six four	1799	2201	0.316
ten	ten five three two	five ten three two	1557	2443	0.305
twenty	twenty thirty forty fifty	twenty thirty fifty forty	1838	2162	0.303
thirty	twenty thirty forty fifty	twenty thirty forty fifty	1610	2390	0.284

Specialized Legal vs Popular Meanings

An extended version of Table 2 from the main paper is included below. Rows involving obvious OCR errors have been marked with an asterisk. [data]

Term	Legal replacements	Popular replacements	Legal count	Popular count	JSD
aid*	aid said laid id	aid assistance support help	2974	1026	0.802
tender	tender payment demand currency	tender kind soft generous	478	3522	0.795
fix*	fix three four two	fix establish set determine	2712	1288	0.781
dock	dock ship navy naval	dock market water street	149	718	0.752
fled*	fled ed led ted	fled retired escaped returned	493	3040	0.717
bankruptcies	commerce trade religion slaves	losses debts commerce trade	52	81	0.706
affecting	affecting respecting touching concerning	affecting interesting awful melancholy	197	2108	0.697
repassed	rejected amended approved repealed	passed crossed entered left	15	66	0.695
resignation	resignation removal refusal appointment	resignation submission patience obedience	703	1802	0.695
sign	sign receive make deliver	sign head tavern foot	679	3321	0.690
searches	search searches seizures arrests	searches search knows sees	49	221	0.690
domestic	domestic national public foreign	domestic private public social	42	1540	0.686
escaping	escaping returning flying taken	escaping escape avoiding returning	124	588	0.681
i*	ii 11 congress il	one therefore now yet	614	3386	0.677
he*	lie ie le ho	lie one god christ	808	3192	0.672
vest	vest invest vested place	vest coat jacket shirt	571	831	0.668
training	training muster organizing regulating	training raising bringing trained	284	265	0.667
flee	fly flee escape depart	fly flee go depart	83	879	0.666
faith	faith credit honor confidence	faith grace religion christ	397	3603	0.665
elector	elector officer senator agent	elector prince duke king	91	654	0.662
laid	laid said aid raid	laid lay set put	2460	1540	0.660
new	new general great particular	new old good north	72	3928	0.657
privileged	privileged free exempt freed	privileged free secured exempt	109	279	0.656
limb	limb member liberty limbs	limb part body limbs	154	702	0.649
him*	hi lie congress one	one god man others	600	3400	0.647
counted	counted taken opened examined	counted made accounted found	236	818	0.643
reexamined	tried examined revised determined	examined tried supported determined	14	27	0.641
confession	confession oath information declaration	confession declaration confessions profession	304	2330	0.639
death	death removal demise sickness	death destruction life departure	406	3594	0.636
disparage	exclude destroy alter abandon	destroy exclude violate alter	20	47	0.635
pardons	pardon rewards imprisonment commissions	pardon rewards commissions privileges	113	305	0.634
comfort	comfort support relief protection	comfort happiness consolation satisfaction	175	3825	0.632
acceptance	acceptance payment accept accepting	acceptance favor peace reconciliation	786	1584	0.631
net	net neat whole gross	net whole gross annual	952	747	0.630
providence	providence newport boston new	providence god heaven nature	360	3640	0.627
current	current lawful sterling proclamation	current stream tide present	2125	1875	0.627
writing	writing written handwriting write	writing reading letter speaking	2245	1755	0.626
like	like fame said similar	like unlike resembling without	649	3351	0.625
fill	fill supply make filling	fill take make cover	950	3050	0.624
blood	blood family nature property	blood death water tears	146	3854	0.624
try	try determine hear examine	try examine see endeavour	1188	2812	0.623
judgment	judgment sentence execution judgments	judgment opinion understanding judgments	1678	2322	0.621
exceeding	exceeding exceed less surpassing	exceeding extremely exceed beyond	2478	1522	0.620
forth	forth forward represented home	forth forward abroad away	1124	2876	0.619
qualification	qualification qualifications oath test	qualification qualifications quality thing	468	827	0.618
emit	issue pass make give	give make produce issue	201	183	0.613
life	life lives years time	life existence lives death	221	3779	0.612
water	water waters sea land	water waters wine liquor	263	3737	0.609
junction	junction union separation combination	junction meeting union confluence	117	601	0.608
whom	whose wherein congress report	whose others one persons	1034	2966	0.606
disagreement	disagreement amendment amendments agreement	disagreement difference dispute variance	364	243	0.606
writ	writ warrant process bill	writ warrant commission power	2220	1780	0.606
it	ii il tt ir	one nothing tis much	984	3016	0.605
writings	writings papers letters life	writings books works letters	758	3242	0.604
peace	peace county court fame	peace liberty war happiness	1380	2620	0.604
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accusation	accusation charge indictment complaint	accusation charge indictment complaint	150	1218	0.460
forts	forts posts fortifications works	forts fortifications posts towns	551	985	0.459
reconsidered	postponed adopted amended read	considered amended examined adopted	186	73	0.459
land	land lands ground property	land lands ground country	1268	2732	0.459
rules	rules regulations laws orders	rules principles laws rule	1734	2266	0.459
collect	collect levy receive pay	collect gather receive obtain	978	1930	0.459
times	times time periods days	times time days years	672	3328	0.459
sundays	sundays sunday holidays monday	sundays sunday saturday monday	137	316	0.458
attainder	death execution rights limitation	rights punishment exceptions limitations	308	184	0.458
discharge	discharge pay payment execution	discharge exercise pay execution	1915	2085	0.458
meet	meet assemble attend met	meet met attend assemble	941	3059	0.457
science	science knowledge learning art	science knowledge learning art	198	3802	0.456
punishments	punishments penalties punishment pains	punishments punishment penalties pains	240	1782	0.455
desire	desire wish request pray	desire wish request hope	551	3449	0.455
upon	upon without within concerning	upon towards without among	974	3026	0.455
raising	raising providing railing establishing	raising making collecting establishing	1508	2492	0.455
question	question motion point proposition	question point dispute matter	2022	1978	0.454
controversy	controversy dispute question contest	controversy dispute question contest	858	2417	0.454
roads	roads road highways ways	roads road highways streets	2336	1664	0.454
proceed	proceed go proceeded attend	proceed go come return	1429	2571	0.454
disapproved	approved complained thought spoke	approved complained thought spoke	201	351	0.454
representation	representation representatives taxation suffrage	representation government description representative	1889	2111	0.453
preserved	preserved maintained secured kept	preserved kept maintained secured	474	3526	0.453
before	upon fore within preceding	upon since till without	1231	2769	0.453
invasions	invasions invasion attacks violence	invasions invasion attacks violence	228	328	0.452
prescribe	establish determine direct fix	establish direct give determine	251	681	0.452
drawn	drawn made taken received	drawn taken made brought	1411	2589	0.452
maritime	maritime admiralty commercial general	maritime commercial naval great	727	837	0.451
smaller	smaller small larger lesser	smaller small larger less	608	1886	0.450
charged	charged paid credited charge	charged accused loaded charge	1899	2101	0.450
questioned	questioned disputed doubted denied	questioned doubted disputed asked	191	827	0.450
provided	provided providing provide resolved	provided except furnished unless	2618	1382	0.450
inhabitant	officer citizen inhabitants inhabit	individual officer citizen person	1689	1182	0.450
trial	trial hearing examination trials	trial examination trials prosecution	1677	2323	0.450
duty	duty duties business office	duty duties business office	1561	2439	0.449
adoption	adoption establishment ratification formation	adoption establishment ratification formation	985	1200	0.449
seizures	seizures captures seizure sales	seizures captures seizure searches	126	166	0.449
confronted	confronted acquainted examined present	confronted acquainted examined compared	43	105	0.449
amendment	amendment resolution motion amendments	amendment alteration amendments resolution	3340	660	0.448
delivered	delivered given sent made	delivered given sent made	1528	2472	0.448
term	term time period terms	term time period terms	2487	1513	0.448
chosen	chosen appointed elected nominated	chosen appointed elected nominated	1655	2345	0.448
imminent	imminent great real immediate	imminent great immediate extreme	166	580	0.448
least	least first leaf leafs	least first best last	694	3306	0.447
claiming	claiming holding claimed taking	claiming holding demanding taking	1009	535	0.447
once	twice one first annually	first ever now one	412	3588	0.447
temporary	temporary permanent general new	temporary general partial momentary	1212	2267	0.447
court	court courts judge council	court courts council judge	2772	1228	0.447
list	list lift return lists	list number lift catalogue	1278	2722	0.446
free	free good white full	free good freed happy	748	3252	0.446
regular	regular proper general fair	regular proper good general	1012	2988	0.445
devolve	depend fall lie rest	fall rest depend come	96	123	0.445
debate	debate discussion debates consideration	debate discussion conversation dispute	2314	1686	0.445
regulated	regulated determined established fixed	regulated governed directed determined	1023	1603	0.445
concerning	concerning respecting touching upon	concerning respecting upon touching	919	3081	0.444
laws	laws law acts statutes	laws law statutes government	1702	2298	0.444
unreasonable	unreasonable improper unnecessary reasonable	unreasonable absurd reasonable unnatural	424	1662	0.443
whatsoever	whatsoever whatever thereof thereafter	whatsoever whatever thereof else	2043	1957	0.443
preference	preference right respect opposition	preference opposition regard respect	731	1695	0.443
naval	naval military marine health	naval military marine maritime	2617	1383	0.443
present	present first last late	present last first late	1220	2780	0.442
follows	follows follow following followed	follows follow appears following	1766	2234	0.442
whose	whose whole whatever whore	whose whole though thy	529	3471	0.442
enjoy	enjoy possess receive exercise	enjoy possess receive obtain	653	3347	0.442
limitations	limitations regulations restrictions limitation	limitations restrictions regulations conditions	499	370	0.442
liable	liable subject entitled exposed	liable subject exposed subjected	2419	1581	0.442
nays	nay divided nas votes	nay divided yes votes	3467	533	0.441
also	also likewise moreover particularly	also likewise now moreover	1032	2968	0.441
accused	accused charged guilty convicted	accused suspected convicted charged	413	2005	0.441
discharged	discharged released relieved paid	discharged released dismissed paid	1973	2027	0.441
its	every tie one certain	every thy one whose	630	3370	0.441
first	first last second third	first last second third	905	3095	0.441
due	due paid owing allowed	due proper paid owing	2112	1888	0.440
title	title right claim property	title right titles claim	1375	2625	0.440
impartial	honest equal just faithful	honest just equal intelligent	465	2276	0.440
guarantee	guarantee secure grant give	guarantee security secure pledge	396	446	0.440
alliance	alliance peace union treaty	alliance union friendship peace	863	2728	0.440
subject	subject business question matter	subject matter point subjects	1185	2815	0.440
offices	offices office places officers	offices office places stations	1936	2064	0.439
wherein	wherein whereby whereupon provided	wherein whereby though since	1251	2749	0.439
peaceably	quietly freely immediately voluntarily	quietly well freely honestly	190	773	0.439
was	appeared became wa seemed	appeared seemed became stood	838	3162	0.438
manner	manner way form mode	manner way mode form	1391	2609	0.438
speedy	speedy regular immediate final	speedy immediate timely early	802	2607	0.438
sent	sent brought returned presented	sent brought carried dispatched	735	3265	0.437
georgia	georgia virginia maryland pennsylvania	georgia virginia pennsylvania maryland	2454	1546	0.437
nevertheless	nevertheless also however moreover	nevertheless however therefore yet	1305	2695	0.437
places	places place towns times	places parts place countries	1042	2958	0.437
thousand	thousand hundred million millions	thousand hundred million thousands	1962	2038	0.437
other	others public one particular	others one many several	1312	2688	0.437
duties	duties duty taxes tax	duties duty taxes obligations	2060	1940	0.437
alter	alter change amend vary	alter change amend vary	2043	1957	0.436
persons	persons person people men	persons men people gentlemen	1826	2174	0.435
proposing	proposing making requesting adopting	proposing making offering suggesting	423	507	0.435
found	found discovered made thought	found discovered saw seen	800	3200	0.435
after	upon following since without	upon since following afterwards	1086	2914	0.435
deem	think find judge consider	think consider esteem find	1050	1014	0.435
voting	voting vote declaring voted	voting vote choosing election	632	559	0.435
prior	prior previous subsequent previously	prior previous subsequent previously	1096	1141	0.435
business	business work matter subject	business work trade duty	1152	2848	0.435
define	define declare determine establish	define explain determine describe	271	360	0.435
connecticut	connecticut massachusetts vermont virginia	connecticut massachusetts virginia pennsylvania	2192	1808	0.435
removal	removal removing remove absence	removal departure removing remove	1947	2053	0.434
organizing	organizing regulating forming training	organizing forming establishing regulating	298	130	0.434
therein	thereby thereof within particularly	thereby also thereof within	2391	1609	0.434
another	another one others every	another one every others	699	3301	0.434
faithfully	duly fully truly well	well duly carefully fully	1035	2076	0.434
punish	punish prevent restrain remove	punish condemn destroy correct	652	2511	0.433
limited	limited given appointed prescribed	limited confined restrained restricted	2026	1974	0.433
longer	longer farther otherwise sooner	longer farther less sooner	697	3303	0.433
ever	ever always never now	ever always never yet	367	3633	0.433
mentioned	mentioned specified described named	mentioned described named specified	1865	2135	0.432
compact	compact treaty contract constitution	compact contract union agreement	749	1465	0.432
maryland	maryland virginia pennsylvania delaware	maryland virginia pennsylvania delaware	2157	1843	0.432
attained	attained obtained attain accomplished	attained obtained gained acquired	242	1604	0.432
what	whatever whatsoever whose whether	whatever whatsoever whose something	549	3451	0.432
prosecutions	suits proceedings actions prosecution	proceedings suits prosecution actions	417	460	0.431
oath	oath examination bond declaration	oath declaration examination test	2614	1386	0.431
going	going coming running proceeding	going coming gone running	562	3438	0.431
classes	classes class parts ranks	classes orders ranks class	575	1565	0.431
claim	claim claims demand right	claim demand right claims	1465	2535	0.431
choose	choose appoint elect nominate	choose elect appoint wish	1021	2979	0.431
freedom	freedom liberty rights liberties	freedom liberty independence peace	389	3611	0.430
commission	commission commissions appointment warrant	commission authority power warrant	1352	2648	0.430
ratifying	adopting confirming establishing accepting	confirming establishing signing adopting	207	132	0.430
part	part parts portion proportion	part parts portion side	1252	2748	0.430
quorum	majority committee number council	council majority court committee	853	635	0.430
consideration	consideration discussion examination view	consideration examination view discussion	2088	1912	0.430
impeachments	crimes offenses causes cases	crimes causes offenses appeals	270	211	0.429
courts	courts court judges counties	courts court judges officers	2594	1406	0.429
corpus	corpus writ act tax	corpus act writ post	523	395	0.428
foregoing	said preceding following former	following preceding first former	1512	2488	0.428
tranquility	peace happiness safety prosperity	peace happiness liberty safety	470	3021	0.428
proceedings	proceedings proceeding process debates	proceedings conduct transactions measures	2154	1846	0.428
next	next last ensuing following	next last following ensuing	1430	2570	0.428
honor	honor happiness pleasure favor	honor glory happiness pleasure	457	3543	0.427
liberty	liberty freedom power right	liberty freedom peace liberties	641	3359	0.427
presented	presented reported exhibited offered	presented offered exhibited delivered	1420	2580	0.427
demand	demand claim take receive	demand claim require request	1737	2263	0.426
massachusetts	massachusetts connecticut pennsylvania maryland	massachusetts connecticut pennsylvania virginia	2231	1769	0.426
sole	sole exclusive general principal	sole great chief principal	1294	2706	0.425
compensation	compensation allowance pay payment	compensation satisfaction payment allowance	2601	1399	0.425
proved	proved made found certified	proved appeared demonstrated found	948	3052	0.425
security	security bond securities bonds	security safety protection defense	1668	2332	0.425
cases	cases case instances matters	cases instances circumstances case	1862	2138	0.425
immediately	immediately also first soon	immediately soon instantly now	759	3241	0.424
powers	powers power authority authorities	powers power authority authorities	1656	2344	0.424
removed	removed taken brought moved	removed moved taken retired	1149	2851	0.424
concerned	concerned interested engaged employed	concerned interested engaged employed	981	3019	0.424
breach	breach violation contempt failure	breach violation contempt neglect	1792	2208	0.424
thereof	thereof thereby accordingly also	thereof also thereby accordingly	2793	1207	0.424
where	wherein wherever whereby whenever	wherein though wherever whereby	944	3056	0.423
appointments	appointments appointment offices commissions	appointments appointment offices commissions	896	659	0.423
execute	execute perform deliver take	execute perform accomplish exercise	2321	1679	0.423
constitution	constitution government confederation law	constitution government system law	1556	2444	0.422
nor	neither never ot yet	neither yet never though	667	3333	0.422
keep	keep hold maintain make	keep preserve hold take	904	3096	0.421
had	bad ad ha bath	bad now also found	671	3329	0.421
tax	tax taxes duty sum	tax duty taxes revenue	2794	1206	0.421
revision	revision examination consideration decision	revision review repeal examination	488	310	0.421
second	second third first fourth	second third first fourth	1179	2821	0.421
controversies	controversies disputes differences questions	disputes controversies questions differences	472	611	0.421
citizen	citizen subject person freeman	citizen man subject person	1466	2534	0.420
consist	consist consists consisting compose	consist consists consisted consisting	1515	2485	0.420
attainted	convicted guilty accused acquitted	convicted accused indicted guilty	314	160	0.420
year	year years month day	year month years summer	1733	2267	0.420
delay	delay fail interruption difficulty	delay interruption difficulty hesitation	1514	2486	0.419
army	army troops armies militia	army troops armies forces	1620	2380	0.419
value	value amount price sum	value price worth amount	1831	2169	0.419
indictment	indictment information accusation evidence	indictment accusation evidence charge	264	1153	0.418
made	made given taken make	made make making given	1321	2679	0.418
vacancies	vacancy places offices appointments	vacancy places offices appointments	793	417	0.418
under	upon within without beneath	upon within without beneath	1190	2810	0.418
required	required directed requested authorized	required demanded desired necessary	2427	1573	0.418
originated	originated passed arose appeared	originated arose proceeded resulted	361	920	0.418
houses	houses house buildings branches	houses house buildings places	1119	2881	0.418
held	held holden kept convened	held kept holden convened	1607	2393	0.418
intents	intent persons uses constructions	intent constructions persons ends	1551	478	0.417
more	less greater better longer	less greater better longer	618	3382	0.417
levying	raising collecting levy granting	raising collecting levy making	812	658	0.417
crime	crime offense crimes felony	crime offense sin crimes	763	3237	0.416
right	right power privilege claim	right power claim liberty	1133	2867	0.416
buildings	buildings houses building works	buildings houses building improvements	1414	2586	0.415
privilege	privilege right power liberty	privilege right liberty power	1155	2845	0.415
posterity	children country constituents descendants	children descendants people mankind	285	3715	0.415
pay	pay receive paid repay	pay receive give discharge	2340	1660	0.415
time	time day times period	time day period season	1212	2788	0.415
committed	committed made done commit	committed done made practised	1953	2047	0.415
indians	indians people indian inhabitants	indians people inhabitants natives	968	3032	0.414
likewise	also likewise moreover therefore	also likewise now moreover	390	3610	0.414
subjects	subjects citizens people inhabitants	subjects people subject citizens	624	3376	0.414
impeachment	trial indictment election prosecution	accusation indictment charge complaint	1554	800	0.413
days	days months hours weeks	days hours weeks months	889	3111	0.413
receive	receive take pay obtain	receive take obtain get	1498	2502	0.413
convened	convened assembled met meet	assembled convened met called	642	919	0.413
suppress	prevent suppress punish restrain	suppress restrain prevent check	366	1265	0.412
arsenals	magazines forts fortifications arsenal	magazines forts fortifications stores	214	73	0.412
cession	grant surrender purchase sale	surrender grant purchase sale	819	290	0.412
declaring	declaring making stating directing	declaring saying asserting observing	1432	2360	0.411
control	control authority power influence	control influence power authority	1147	2541	0.411
misdemeanors	offenses crimes punishments disorders	crimes offenses treason disorders	262	230	0.411
election	election appointment elections choice	election elections choice appointment	1255	2745	0.411
solemnly	solemnly sincerely truly firmly	solemnly also publicly openly	581	1853	0.410
have	ha ve hive ave	find ve ever ha	773	3227	0.410
obligation	obligation obligations bond engagement	obligation obligations duty necessity	1358	2642	0.410
exceed	exceed exceeding exceeds exceeded	exceed exceeds exceeded equal	2039	1961	0.410
employed	employed engaged concerned used	employed engaged used occupied	1293	2707	0.409
called	called call named termed	called termed named call	852	3148	0.408
useful	useful necessary important valuable	useful valuable necessary important	456	3544	0.408
new hampshire	connecticut virginia pennsylvania maryland	connecticut virginia massachusetts pennsylvania	2447	1553	0.408
agreement	agreement contract engagement covenant	agreement association contract engagement	1476	2524	0.407
supported	supported maintained opposed made	supported maintained established preserved	855	3145	0.407
number	number proportion numbers quantity	number multitude proportion numbers	1139	2861	0.407
imposed	imposed laid required raised	imposed laid set raised	1557	2443	0.407
writs	writ process executions letters	writ letters process acts	2111	771	0.407
appropriation	appropriations provision expenditure application	application appropriations provision expenditure	1707	473	0.406
thereby	thereby thus also thereof	thereby thus also therefore	1261	2739	0.406
following	following follow preceding ensuing	following preceding ensuing follow	1369	2631	0.406
contracts	contracts contract engagements agreements	contracts engagements contract debts	977	1093	0.406
think	think find judge see	think believe suppose imagine	773	3227	0.405
well	well fully much truly	well much truly good	520	3480	0.405
dispose	dispose disposed accept take	dispose disposed take accept	1117	2542	0.405
approve	approve accept approved admit	approve accept think allow	991	2413	0.405
granted	granted allowed given made	granted given allowed made	2298	1702	0.405
habeas	te ha corpus qui	ha qui corpus te	514	322	0.404
published	published printed made inserted	published printed reprinted written	529	3471	0.404
now	now already yet still	now yet still therefore	584	3416	0.404
warrants	warrant orders certificates order	orders warrant commissions certificates	2747	795	0.404
nothing	nothing none anything little	nothing none little something	494	3506	0.403
class	class classes description part	class description order sort	1146	2854	0.403
grants	grants grant patents surveys	grants grant patents charters	2008	1767	0.403
repel	resist oppose prevent withstand	resist oppose withstand meet	391	874	0.403
assistance	assistance aid support protection	assistance aid help support	465	3535	0.403
hundred	hundred thousand score thou	hundred thousand score million	2354	1646	0.403
money	money cash tobacco sums	money cash property currency	1937	2063	0.402
effect	effect operation force execution	effect effects operation influence	940	3060	0.402
purposes	purposes purpose uses ends	purposes purpose ends uses	1881	2119	0.402
formed	formed made established constituted	formed made established constituted	724	3276	0.402
danger	danger hazard evil dangers	danger hazard dangers fear	707	3293	0.401
numerous	numerous large many great	numerous great large many	409	3591	0.401
securities	securities certificates notes money	securities certificates funds money	1775	725	0.400
during	within throughout upon since	throughout upon within since	1294	2706	0.400
maintain	maintain support keep defend	maintain support preserve establish	1048	2952	0.400
office	office offices department place	office offices place house	2252	1748	0.400
safety	safety security welfare interest	safety security happiness welfare	975	3025	0.400
place	place places time town	place places town house	1011	2989	0.400
extend	extend go apply reach	extend reach go apply	1802	2198	0.400
judicial	judicial judiciary legislative executive	judicial legislative judiciary executive	2600	1400	0.399
prescribed	prescribed provided directed required	prescribed established directed appointed	2051	1928	0.399
particular	particular certain general special	particular general special certain	908	3092	0.398
only	merely alone also always	merely alone indeed barely	666	3334	0.398
paid	paid allowed received given	paid given collected paying	2170	1830	0.398
reserving	saving leaving securing giving	leaving saving retaining taking	315	374	0.398
judges	judges justices judge commissioners	judges justices judge officers	1791	2209	0.398
proportion	proportion proportions part share	proportion proportions respect relation	1572	2428	0.397
defend	defend support maintain protect	defend protect support maintain	907	3093	0.397
delegated	given granted reserved committed	given granted reserved committed	572	741	0.397
nations	nations states countries powers	nations countries people states	1080	2920	0.397
information	information intelligence evidence knowledge	information intelligence knowledge advice	1677	2323	0.397
new jersey	connecticut delaware maryland virginia	pennsylvania jersey maryland virginia	1993	2007	0.397
arising	arising received arise resulting	arising derived resulting flowing	2044	1956	0.397
engage	engage join continue agree	engage join embark unite	687	3313	0.396
defense	defense protection security safety	defense support protection security	1378	2622	0.396
support	support maintenance use benefit	support maintain maintenance defense	1103	2897	0.396
armies	armies troops army forces	armies troops army forces	735	3265	0.395
invasion	invasion attack insurrection war	invasion attack war insurrection	864	1519	0.395
equal	equal equivalent adequate similar	equal superior inferior equivalent	1187	2813	0.394
executing	executing making performing taking	executing performing fulfilling pursuing	975	1011	0.393
inflicted	inflicted imposed incurred provided	inflicted executed imposed bestowed	259	1469	0.393
recommend	recommend propose submit report	recommend propose offer advise	874	3126	0.393
offenses	offenses crimes offenders offense	offenses crimes sins offense	1551	1967	0.393
captures	captures prizes capture prize	captures prizes capture seizures	607	435	0.392
america	america american england americans	america england europe britain	798	3202	0.392
obliged	obliged compelled required bound	obliged compelled forced necessitated	768	3232	0.392
answer	answer reply answers response	answer reply answers answered	898	3102	0.391
excepting	except including save saving	except save besides even	1261	1629	0.391
infringed	violated invaded injured interrupted	violated invaded abused destroyed	122	272	0.391
compel	require force enable order	force induce require persuade	947	1361	0.390
adjournment	order appointment meeting agreement	appointment order law agreement	1304	973	0.390
ability	ability abilities capacity power	ability abilities power capacity	929	2273	0.390
relating	relating relative referring belonging	relating relative belonging pertaining	1793	2207	0.389
not	never also now neither	never neither now indeed	857	3143	0.388
most	least best first greatest	least first greatest truly	425	3575	0.388
vessels	vessels ships vessel boats	vessels ships boats shipping	1270	2730	0.388
republican	republican free federal national	republican free popular good	801	2272	0.388
publish	publish print make communicate	publish print write give	525	2000	0.387
appointment	appointment election appointments nomination	appointment election nomination choice	2161	1839	0.387
when	whenever though till unless	though whilst whenever till	548	3452	0.387
tonnage	duties exports ton imports	ton shipping duties imports	1720	588	0.387
electors	electors representatives senators members	electors representatives members citizens	1186	1923	0.387
engagements	engagements obligations contracts treaties	engagements obligations promises contracts	865	1786	0.386
established	established fixed made adopted	established settled formed erected	1035	2965	0.386
against	upon towards concerning without	upon towards concerning without	854	3146	0.386
without	without upon notwithstanding beyond	without upon beyond notwithstanding	823	3177	0.386
purpose	purpose purposes end use	purpose end purposes design	1420	2580	0.386
take	take give taking receive	take give taking taken	1046	2954	0.385
privileges	privileges rights advantages powers	privileges rights liberties advantages	1115	2885	0.385
treasury	treasury revenue war treasurer	treasury revenue state navy	3324	676	0.385
assemble	assemble meet attend appear	assemble meet attend appear	522	1251	0.385
lands	lands land lots estates	lands land lots grounds	2299	1701	0.382
representative	representative member representatives senator	representative member representatives senator	1526	1855	0.382
members	members gentlemen officers member	members officers persons gentlemen	1645	2355	0.382
purchased	purchased bought sold received	purchased bought obtained sold	1519	2481	0.382
eligible	eligible proper elected chosen	eligible proper convenient necessary	634	1054	0.382
departments	departments department offices officers	departments offices branches department	1836	1377	0.381
secure	secure preserve ensure protect	secure preserve obtain protect	983	3017	0.381
existing	existing present former general	existing present established general	1411	1637	0.381
should	now need hall also	need now also ever	747	3253	0.381
accept	accept receive take admit	accept receive take hear	1227	2773	0.380
granting	granting giving allowing making	granting giving allowing obtaining	2664	1336	0.379
congress	congress convention cong assembly	congress government convention assembly	3074	926	0.378
importation	import sale entry landing	import consumption export introduction	1371	2113	0.378
will	wil need hall now	wil need also now	617	3383	0.377
but	yet though therefore although	yet though however therefore	480	3520	0.377
foreign	foreign domestic public european	foreign european british distant	2062	1938	0.376
tribunals	courts judges court officers	courts judges tribunal court	408	391	0.376
taken	taken made given took	taken took given made	1233	2767	0.376
articles	articles article goods provisions	articles things goods article	1758	2242	0.376
property	property estate goods estates	property estate properties goods	1441	2559	0.376
erected	erected established built made	erected built established raised	649	3351	0.375
natural born	natural good free british	natural good native british	108	117	0.374
speaker	speaker president clerk chairman	speaker president clerk secretary	1936	2064	0.374
deny	deny admit say allow	deny believe allow say	374	3626	0.374
jury	jury court committee judge	jury court judges judge	2246	1754	0.373
make	make give take made	make give made render	1136	2864	0.373
regulate	regulate establish prevent determine	regulate direct govern determine	2133	1824	0.373
grievances	injuries complaints abuses wrong	injuries complaints abuses oppression	349	2023	0.373
included	included contained comprised mentioned	included contained comprised mentioned	1433	1778	0.372
actual	actual immediate real military	actual immediate real present	1466	2534	0.372
sufficient	sufficient proper good necessary	sufficient proper necessary enough	1421	2579	0.372
elections	elections election appointments returns	elections election meetings votes	1241	2123	0.372
ships	ships vessels ship boats	ships vessels ship boats	995	3005	0.372
legislation	legislation government power taxation	government legislation taxation power	632	1118	0.370
whatever	whatever whatsoever thereof every	whatever whatsoever whoever every	854	3146	0.370
transmit	transmit deliver return send	transmit send communicate give	1734	1422	0.369
particularly	particularly especially also specially	particularly especially also even	705	3295	0.369
given	given made granted taken	given made taken gave	1174	2826	0.369
determine	determine decide judge examine	determine decide judge know	1604	2396	0.368
period	period time day term	period time day season	806	3194	0.368
occasions	occasions occasion emergencies subjects	occasions occasion accounts subjects	563	3437	0.368
treason	treason felony murder crimes	treason murder felony rebellion	1399	2413	0.367
exclusive	exclusive independent sole absolute	exclusive independent instead absolute	1601	2065	0.367
majority	majority number part committee	majority number minority part	2135	1865	0.367
convene	assemble meet call summon	assemble meet call attend	266	260	0.367
consent	consent assent permission authority	consent assent permission authority	1525	2475	0.367
forces	forces troops army militia	forces troops army force	1106	2894	0.366
appropriations	appropriations provisions provision expenditures	appropriations provisions provision grants	1736	316	0.366
expedient	proper necessary reasonable convenient	necessary proper convenient reasonable	1790	2210	0.366
revenue	revenue revenues money tax	revenue tax money revenues	2320	1680	0.366
concur	agree join unite proceed	join agree unite cooperate	1021	1211	0.366
establish	establish provide form erect	establish support maintain form	1458	2542	0.366
previously	previously first already duly	previously first already immediately	964	1992	0.365
including	including except besides excluding	including besides except excluding	2029	1942	0.365
officer	officer officers person captain	officer officers person captain	2462	1538	0.364
years	years months year days	years months days weeks	861	3139	0.363
respect	respect regard reference relation	respect regard relation reference	879	3121	0.363
insure	secure ensure promote produce	secure ensure give produce	297	614	0.363
government	government state constitution legislature	government administration constitution state	1485	2515	0.363
commerce	commerce trade navigation manufactures	commerce trade navigation manufactures	1478	2522	0.361
department	department departments office district	department departments office district	2859	1141	0.361
admiralty	admiralty appeals law equity	admiralty justice appeals law	1972	1790	0.361
immunities	advantages benefits rights powers	privileges advantages rights liberties	555	564	0.361
taxes	taxes tax duties money	taxes duties tax debts	2482	1518	0.361
vote	vote votes ballot voting	vote act votes ballot	2646	1354	0.361
proper	proper necessary fit reasonable	proper necessary suitable fit	1472	2528	0.360
bill	bill resolution law act	bill law act resolution	3026	974	0.360
if	unless though whenever provided	though unless whether provided	1136	2864	0.360
third	third fourth second fifth	third fourth second fifth	1551	2449	0.360
excises	taxes duties customs subsidies	taxes duties customs subsidies	336	166	0.359
diminished	diminished increased augmented reduced	diminished increased augmented reduced	352	1341	0.359
declare	declare say acknowledge make	declare say acknowledge confess	1046	2954	0.359
commissions	commissions commission orders appointments	commissions commission orders appointments	1311	1435	0.359
throughout	throughout within upon across	throughout within upon among	841	3159	0.359
penalties	penalties penalty fines punishments	penalties punishments penalty fines	2805	1195	0.359
subsequent	subsequent previous former prior	subsequent former future succeeding	1243	2023	0.359
according	according pursuant contrary agree	according contrary pursuant subject	1626	2374	0.359
actually	actually already now duly	actually now already really	846	3154	0.359
giving	giving taking making give	giving taking making give	1312	2688	0.358
except	except unless save particularly	except save unless even	1435	2565	0.358
senator	senator representative member president	senator representative member delegate	631	510	0.358
voted	voted vote resolved agreed	voted resolved agreed ordered	1578	1729	0.357
admitted	admitted allowed received taken	admitted received allowed brought	1546	2454	0.357
produce	produce give make exhibit	produce give cause make	1091	2909	0.357
felonies	crimes offenses murders disorders	crimes offenses murders felony	320	132	0.356
remain	remain continue lie stand	remain continue stand lie	1281	2719	0.356
consuls	agents consul ministers commissioners	agents ministers consul officers	1503	677	0.355
been	bin ben bee boon	bin appeared ben become	1011	2989	0.355
proposed	proposed recommended offered suggested	proposed intended recommended offered	1823	2177	0.355
cannot	never neither need seldom	never hardly seldom neither	757	3243	0.354
senate	senate house president legislature	senate council house legislature	3036	964	0.354
become	become remain continue became	become appear prove remain	817	3183	0.354
obtaining	obtaining receiving taking making	obtaining receiving getting gaining	1468	2532	0.354
district	district state county districts	district county state districts	2324	1676	0.353
construed	understood deemed taken intended	understood deemed interpreted taken	1078	835	0.353
consequence	consequence consideration virtue support	consequence consideration virtue effect	840	3160	0.353
member	member person gentleman members	member members person man	1838	2162	0.353
exports	exports imports trade manufactures	exports imports trade manufactures	755	1042	0.353
conventions	conventions convention legislatures assemblies	conventions convention legislatures assemblies	838	487	0.353
among	among upon within towards	among upon within amidst	428	3572	0.352
fines	fines penalties fees fine	fines penalties fine taxes	2821	883	0.352
expenditures	expenditures expenditure expenses payments	expenditures expenditure expenses payments	992	447	0.351
clauses	clauses articles parts provisions	clauses articles words provisions	740	402	0.351
authorized	authorized empowered directed required	authorized empowered directed appointed	3162	838	0.350
give	give make take deliver	give afford make yield	1006	2994	0.350
highest	highest greatest first utmost	highest greatest first utmost	451	3549	0.349
yeas	aye yes ye nay	yes aye ye nay	3473	527	0.349
states	states state governments colonies	states colonies governments state	2628	1372	0.348
troops	troops forces militia army	troops soldiers forces men	1162	2838	0.348
territory	territory country territories district	territory country territories lands	2439	1561	0.348
fact	fact truth reality case	fact truth reality effect	837	3163	0.348
felony	felony murder treason robbery	felony murder treason robbery	1253	569	0.347
different	different several various particular	different various several particular	756	3244	0.347
navy	navy marine fleet army	navy fleet marine army	2104	1896	0.347
violated	violated broken destroyed abused	violated broken destroyed abused	504	1384	0.347
provide	provide provided providing establish	provide prepare provided make	2198	1802	0.347
securing	securing preserving obtaining maintaining	securing preserving establishing maintaining	1160	1879	0.346
ballot	ballot vote votes lot	ballot vote lot proxy	1107	799	0.346
between	among upon bet within	upon among towards within	1044	2956	0.346
until	till til unless except	till unless though til	1849	2151	0.345
prohibited	prohibited forbidden prevented restrained	prohibited forbidden prevented restrained	922	1450	0.343
adjourn	proceed meet assemble continue	proceed call sit assemble	1076	559	0.343
two	two three four five	two three four five	1195	2805	0.342
commander	commander commanders command general	commander captain general governor	2017	1983	0.342
imposts	taxes duties customs rates	taxes duties customs rates	599	370	0.341
belonging	belonging belong attached due	belonging belong belonged belongs	1472	2528	0.341
stated	stated mentioned said observed	stated mentioned said explained	1837	2163	0.341
respecting	respecting concerning touching regarding	respecting concerning upon touching	1661	2339	0.341
redress	relief remedy justice compensation	relief remedy justice satisfaction	765	2310	0.340
regulation	regulation government regulating regulations	regulation government regulations law	1975	1657	0.339
mode	mode method manner way	mode method manner way	1620	2380	0.339
ratification	ratification adoption amendment amendments	ratification adoption signature conclusion	1056	708	0.338
votes	votes vote ballots voices	votes vote ballots voices	2346	1654	0.338
citizens	citizens people inhabitants subjects	citizens inhabitants people men	1326	2674	0.338
pennsylvania	pennsylvania maryland virginia delaware	pennsylvania virginia maryland philadelphia	1605	2395	0.337
compelled	obliged compelled forced bound	compelled obliged forced constrained	924	3038	0.337
fourth	fourth third fifth sixth	fourth fifth third second	1221	2779	0.336
neither	neither never either none	neither never either none	411	3589	0.336
signed	signed made attested certified	signed written attested published	1783	2217	0.336
fourths	thirds quarters parts fourth	quarters thirds parts fourth	480	413	0.335
payment	payment discharge recovery pay	payment payments discharge pay	2480	1520	0.334
whenever	whenever wherever unless provided	whenever wherever though whilst	1371	2629	0.333
equally	equally also alike particularly	equally alike also extremely	819	3181	0.332
prohibiting	prohibiting preventing restraining regulating	prohibiting preventing restraining restricting	322	414	0.332
reprieves	pardon commissions offices punishments	pardon commissions supplies offices	59	64	0.332
measures	measures means steps measure	measures means methods steps	1299	2701	0.331
appointed	appointed chosen named nominated	appointed chosen named elected	2494	1506	0.330
article	article clause section articles	article articles clause section	1813	2187	0.330
ascertained	determined known fixed settled	known determined established settled	1640	1825	0.329
preserve	preserve maintain secure support	preserve maintain secure keep	620	3380	0.326
senators	senators representatives members senate	senators representatives electors members	1451	1401	0.326
constitute	constitute form make compose	constitute form make compose	583	1824	0.325
requisite	necessary proper required sufficient	necessary proper required essential	1166	2692	0.324
dollars	dollars pounds dollar cents	dollars pounds guineas cents	2558	1442	0.324
representatives	representatives delegates representative assembly	representatives delegates representative assembly	2351	1649	0.323
statement	statement report state account	statement account state report	1397	1001	0.323
militia	militia troops army forces	militia troops army men	2352	1648	0.323
officers	officers officer persons men	officers men officer soldiers	2130	1870	0.321
carrying	carrying bringing carry carried	carrying bringing carried carry	1490	2510	0.321
opinion	opinion judgment opinions sentiment	opinion judgment sentiment sentiments	1469	2531	0.321
fifth	fifth fourth third sixth	fifth fourth sixth third	1259	2741	0.320
convention	convention congress assembly legislature	convention assembly congress legislature	2041	1959	0.320
affirmation	oath declaration certificate otherwise	oath declaration confession testimony	2481	952	0.320
amendments	amendments amendment alterations objections	amendments alterations amendment additions	3212	788	0.319
welfare	welfare interest safety happiness	welfare happiness interest prosperity	924	3076	0.319
convicted	convicted convict guilty indicted	convicted guilty indicted accused	754	1583	0.319
appellate	appellate original exclusive admiralty	appellate original general exclusive	223	74	0.318
happen	happen appear arise occur	happen appear occur come	1709	2291	0.318
executive	executive legislative president legislature	executive legislative judicial judiciary	2489	1511	0.317
probable	probable certain possible likely	probable certain likely evident	837	3163	0.317
jurisdiction	jurisdiction authority power government	jurisdiction authority power government	1538	2462	0.317
rights	rights privileges right liberties	rights privileges liberties right	1136	2864	0.317
seven	five seven eight six	seven five six three	2036	1964	0.317
propose	propose recommend make offer	propose recommend offer intend	1097	2720	0.316
protect	protect defend secure support	protect defend preserve support	873	2799	0.316
session	session sessions sitting meeting	session sessions sitting meeting	2785	1215	0.316
objections	objections objection arguments opposition	objections objection arguments reasons	1600	2400	0.314
require	require demand admit desire	require demand need desire	1521	2479	0.314
necessary	necessary proper sufficient required	necessary proper sufficient essential	1379	2621	0.313
monday	monday tuesday thursday wednesday	monday saturday tuesday wednesday	1614	2386	0.312
prevent	prevent restrain avoid prohibit	prevent avoid stop restrain	1368	2632	0.312
miles	miles mile leagues rods	miles leagues mile rods	462	3538	0.311
exported	exported imported shipped brought	exported imported shipped brought	1384	1110	0.310
three	three two four five	three two four five	1299	2701	0.309
appoint	appoint choose nominate employ	appoint choose nominate elect	2841	1159	0.308
debts	debts debt taxes money	debts debt money taxes	2482	1518	0.306
informed	informed told assured advised	informed told assured acquainted	911	3089	0.305
ratified	ratified approved confirmed adopted	ratified confirmed approved signed	1131	975	0.305
nominate	nominate appoint choose elect	nominate appoint choose elect	872	318	0.303
deprived	deprived stripped robbed possessed	deprived robbed stripped possessed	660	3340	0.302
ten	ten five three four	ten five three six	1391	2609	0.302
absolutely	absolutely essentially highly immediately	absolutely essentially entirely highly	687	3313	0.301
nine	eight nine three four	six eight nine three	1792	2208	0.301
certificates	certificates certificate notes securities	certificates securities notes bills	2287	1713	0.297
bills	bills notes money bill	bills notes money bill	2732	1268	0.296
united states	states state union united	states state union country	2563	1437	0.295
respectively	respectively also thereof accordingly	respectively thereof also accordingly	2294	1706	0.295
vice president	president secretary senate governor	president secretary governor senate	1332	1073	0.294
regulations	regulations laws rules orders	regulations laws rules restrictions	2119	1881	0.294
president	president governor secretary executive	president governor secretary executive	2431	1569	0.294
respective	respective several said different	respective several different said	1697	2303	0.293
ports	ports port places towns	ports port islands places	1833	2167	0.293
elected	elected chosen appointed nominated	elected chosen appointed nominated	1701	2299	0.291
greatest	greatest highest greater utmost	greatest highest utmost best	296	3704	0.291
sixth	fifth sixth fourth third	sixth fifth seventh third	1262	2738	0.289
fifths	thirds quarters parts fifth	thirds quarters parts fourth	294	204	0.288
promote	promote secure advance facilitate	promote advance secure support	674	3326	0.285
admit	admit allow permit require	admit allow permit accept	1200	2800	0.285
expiration	end commencement completion close	end conclusion close termination	1788	1011	0.283
four	three four two five	four three five two	1339	2661	0.282
eight	four eight three two	six eight four five	1649	2351	0.281
ninth	fifth fourth third eighth	sixth seventh ninth eighth	1062	1496	0.280
unless	unless except although though	unless though except although	1493	2507	0.276
thirty	twenty thirty forty fifty	twenty thirty forty fifty	1939	2061	0.269
legislature	legislature government assembly senate	legislature government assembly congress	2114	1886	0.267
thirds	thirds third parts fourth	thirds third quarters parts	1886	1501	0.266
fourteen	ten three fifteen five	ten twelve four fifteen	1669	2087	0.266
twenty	twenty thirty forty fifty	twenty thirty forty fifty	1796	2204	0.260
vested	vested invested placed lodged	vested invested placed lodged	2076	1924	0.259
confederation	confederation union constitution confederacy	confederation union constitution government	2943	1057	0.258
treaties	treaties treaty laws peace	treaties treaty laws peace	2389	1611	0.254
treaty	treaty treaties convention peace	treaty convention treaties peace	1964	2036	0.252
five	five three four two	five four six three	1665	2335	0.252
legislatures	legislatures legislature governments executives	legislatures governments legislature assemblies	2598	1161	0.247
pursuance	consequence virtue execution violation	consequence virtue execution consideration	2256	1354	0.232
six	four six three two	six four five three	1169	2831	0.229
december	november december january september	november october september march	1780	2220	0.156

Citation

@inproceedings{card-2025-meaning,

title = {Meaning Variation and Data Quality in the {C}orpus of {F}ounding {E}ra {A}merican {E}nglish},

author = {Dallas Card},

booktitle = {Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)},

month = jul,

year = 2025,

address = {Vienna, Austria},

publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},

}